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팀장의 변혁적 리더십과 팀 적응성과 간의 관계 - 공유멘탈모델의 매개효과 -

The Effects of Team Leaders’ Transformational Leadership on Team Adaptive Performance - The Mediating Role of Shared Mental Models -

노명화|배범수
한국인적자원관리학회 (Korean Academy Of Human Resource Management)|2016.03|인적자원관리연구 (Journal of Human Resource Management Research)|제23권 제1호|pp. 127-152|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14396/jhrmr.2016.23.1.127

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transformational leadership팀장의 변혁적 리더십팀 공유멘탈모델팀 적응성과특수 임무팀team shared mental modelsteam adaptive performance of team membersaction & negotiation team
주제분류경영학

초록

팀은 환경변화에 적응하는 중요한 조직의 수단으로 팀제와 관련된 많은 연구들이 팀 효과를 강화하는 요인에 대하여 초점을 맞추어 지면서, 지난 15년간 적응수행은 팀 효과를 강화하는 행위로서 주목을 받아왔다. 팀 적응성과에 있어 많이 적용되고 있는 프로세스적 관점은 실제 적응이 발생하는 메카니즘을 설명할 수 있지만, 다양한 적응과 관련된 행위를 포괄적으로 설명하는데 한계를 가지고 있으므로, 본 연구에서는 동적인 과업수행 행위에 초점을 두고 팀 적응성과를 환경변화에 대한 대응으로 발생되는 팀 성과로서 정의하였다. 적응성과를 측정하기에 적합한 액션팀인 특수 임무팀을 대상으로 팀 적응성과의 선행요인으로서 팀장의 변혁적 리더십의 효과와 변혁적 리더십과 팀 적응성과의 관계에서 공유멘탈모델의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 군 조직의 89개 특수 임무팀들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 불성실한 응답을 제외하고, 65명의 특수 임무팀장들과 497명의 팀원들의 자료를 사용하여 통계 분석하였다. 매개효과 검증을 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 특수 임무팀에서 팀장의 변혁적 리더십과 팀 적응성과 간의 관계에서 팀 공유멘탈모델은 유의한 정적인 부분 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 팀장의 변혁적 리더십이 팀 구성원들 개인에게 새로운 과업환경을 극복할 수 있도록 동기부여를 제공할 수 있으며 이러한 과정을 통해 구성원들은 자신의 과업환경의 변화에 적응함으로서 결과적으로 팀 적응성과를 높이는 결과를 가져오게 하며, 동시에 팀장의 변혁적 리더십은 전문성을 가진 다양한 팀 구성원들이 사회적 정체성 갖도록 유도함으로서 다양한 정보의 공유를 가능하게 한다. 또한 팀장은 외부환경에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공하여 팀 구성원들이 직무환경에 대한 유용한 정보체계를 공유함으로서 팀의 적응성과에 미치는 긍정적 효과를 실증하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 학문적 의의 및 실무적 시사점, 그리고 한계점에 대하여 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of team leaders’ transformational leadership on the team adaptive performance of team members as well as the mediating effects of shared mental models that becomes pronounced as the transformational leadership of team leaders influences the team adaptive performance of team members in the relationship between the charismatic leadership of team leaders and team efficacy. To this end, we conducted a survey of 89 team leaders and 862 team members working in action and negotiation teams in military services, and analyzed data collected from 65 team leaders and team members, except unreliable responses. As a result of a hierarchical regression analysis to confirm mediating effects, it was found that shared mental models had a partially mediating effect on the relationship between the transformational leadership of team leaders and the team adaptive performance of team members. The charismatic leadership of team leaders had a directly effect on the team adaptive performance of team members, as well as the charismatic leadership of team leaders had a indirectly effect on the team adaptive performance of team members through the shared mental models. Based on the research findings, this study discussed its academic significance, practical implications, limitations and future research tasks.

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