김현 비평의 루카치ㆍ골드만 이론 수용과 문학의 자율성 문제

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of Kim Hyun’s 1980s criticism methodology in relation to the acceptance of the Lukachi and Goldman theories, and to examine the implications and limitations of Kim Hyun’s views on literary autonomy. The reason why Kim said he played a big role in overcoming content and realism-oriented literature, the acceptance of the theory, and the method of applying and re-interpreting Goldman’s theory to actual criticism are first examined. Based on this, I tried to examine the implications and implications of Kim Hyun’s literary and social views formed in the late 1980s. Chapter 2 deals with the question of what Lukachi thought of as a contribution to literary sociology and why it has a special meaning for Kim Hyun. Lukachi’s contribution that Kim Hyun paid attention to is that he renewed the concept of literary form by combining genre and worldview. At this time, the worldview is not a specific philosophy or idea but an ethical attitude to find the disappeared totality and is used as a central concept of Kim Hyun’s actual criticism in the 1980s under the name of a tragic worldview. However, it should not be overlooked that Kim Hyun gave limited significance to Lukachi’s theory. In Chapter 3, we looked at how Kim Hyun accepted and interpreted the role of collective consciousness, homologous concepts, and worldviews in the creation of literature, which are topics of particular interest among Goldman’s theories. In Goldman’s theory of literary sociology, Kim Hyun pays special attention to the fact that he explained through homologous concepts why great works can be created without relying on collective consciousness. I believe that the relationship between literature and society and history can be explained by acknowledging that it is a highly autonomous structure of literature by using the concept of homologous. However, the fact that the totality pursued by literature can only have meaning from an ironic distance, and that romantic admiration for totality is expressed through a literary form is a prerequisite for the establishment of the concept of homologousity. In Chapter 4, we examined how Lukachi and Goldman’s acceptance of the theory is used in Kim Hyun’s actual criticism, and what possibilities and limitations it shows. Goldman’s homology theory is used as a creative methodology from the perspective of the author in Kim Hyun’s criticism. However, in order to be able to deny the repressive society that Kim Hyun values in literary denial, the creative methodology needs to be supplemented with the reader’s sociology. Kim Hyun combines Goldman’s homology concept with Bart’s ideology to conceive and present an analytical deconstructionist methodology. In order for literature to contribute to the formation of a free society away from ideological language, it is essential not only to ideological rationalize words and actions, but also to reveal the oppression of literary genres and conventions used in the day. Analytical deconstructionism is submitted as a methodology that enables this dual work. In conclusion, the literary denial method Kim Hyun aims for can be broadly divided into the sociology of the author and the sociology of the reader. In the case of the artist’s sociology, it is necessary to make it possible to reflect on social contradictions through structural responses between works and society, not through the ‘reflection’ of social contradictions. In the case of the sociology of readers (critics), it is necessary to understand how these structures form a homogeneous relationship with the structure of society through structural analysis of works. Kim Hyun emphasizes that this gives an opportunity to reflect on the contradictions of reality in the light of his work. In this regard, the social criticism of the literary method Kim Hyun built in the 1980s was embodied by receiving the momentum for theoretical systematization through the acceptance and reinterpretation of Lukachi and Goldman’s theories.