김현 비평에서 ‘공감의 비평’론과 ‘현실 부정의 힘으로서의 문학’론의 상관성 연구 -아도르노 미학과의 관련성을 중심으로

Abstract

This thesis is to understand why Kim Hyun’s book, ‘Literature and utopia’ has a subtitle criticism of sympathy. It seems that there is not any relationship between the title and subtitle because the title ‘Literature and utopia’ means literature is the dream about utopia, and the subtitle is related with the attitude toward literary work. The main theme of this thesis is the relationship between criticism of sympathy and the Kim Hyun’s theory of the literature as the power of reality negation. The theory of Th. W. Adorno has a big impact on the Kim Hyun’s criticism. First of all, I examine how Kim Hyun adopt and reinterpret he theory of Th. W. Adorno. The main concept of Adorno’s aesthetics is the puzzle, aesthetic illusion, revelation of nonexistence. In Adorno’s aesthetics, the reason art is the antithesis of society is that art reveals the nonexistence and we can experience the transcendence which is impossible in real world. Kim Hyun’s theory about the relationship between the literature and the society is another main issue. Understanding the way Kim Hyun adopt and reconstruct the Adorno’s theory is a good way to grasp the issue. Kim Hyun is influenced by the Adorno’s idea that the direct participation in society could bring about the self-negation of art. Adorno’s theory that the resistance through the literary form is the only way to fight the oppressive society contributes the formation of Kim Hyun’s literary theory. Kim Hyun emphasize the will to capture the essence of the reality. This will is the intersection between Adorno and Kim Hyun. Reflection is another important factor for literature’s function as negation of society. We can understand the relationship Criticism of sympathy and Literature as negation of society in Kim Hyun’s criticismby analysing of Kim Hyun’s essay on the poem ‘fig’. Criticism of sympathy is the experience of transcendence through the aesthetic form, but it also means false awareness because such transcendence is not real. There needs to be an intermediation between the criticism of sympathy and the theory of literature as negation of society. Self-reflection and torture is the key of that intermediation.