국내 비원전 방사선이용시설 방사능방재 규제체계 개선방향 도출

Abstract

The Korean Act on physical protection and radiological emergency was enacted based on nuclearpower plants, allowing partial exemptions or relaxations only for small nuclear licensees. Accordingly, there is apossibility that excessive regulations will be applied to non-reactor nuclear facilities that are expected to have a lowerrisk than nuclear power plants considering the frequency of accidents and radiation dose. Therefore, it is necessary toidentify regulatory improvement needs from the standpoint of non-reactor nuclear facilities and derive improvementdirections. The objective of this study is to derive improvements to the radiological emergency preparednessregulatory for non-reactor nuclear facilities in Korea. To achieve this, the study was conducted in two phases: 1)Identification of improvement requirements for radiological emergency preparedness regulation, 2) Derivation ofimprovements to the radiological emergency preparedness regulatory. A survey was conducted targeting practitionersfrom research reactor, nuclear fuel cycle facilities, industrial radiation facilities, and radioactive waste managementfacilities to identify improvements for radiological emergency preparedness regulation. The survey includedquestions to determine whether radiation emergency response systems are established and operated based on facilitiescharacteristics and risk, as well as requirements for improvement. In order to derive improvements to the regulations,international practices from the IAEA, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada were investigated bythe regulatory improvement requirements identified in the survey. International Emergency Action Levels, facilityclassification status, and regulatory requirements by facility category were analyzed and compared with the domesticstandards. Based on the analysis of these international practices, improvements were proposed for each requirement. The main regulatory improvement directions were: 1) Introduction of a risk assessment system, 2) Risk-informedemergency response exercise frequency and scale, 3) Establishment of risk-informed graded radiation emergencyclassification, 4) Introduction of exemption criteria for radiation emergency planning. The results of this study areexpected to be used as basis data for applying a graded approach to radiological emergency preparedness regulationsfor non-reactor nuclear facilities in Korea.