외국의 방사성동위원소 사용시설 방사성유출물관리 차등 규제기준비교·분석 및 국내 적용방안
Comparative Analysis of Graded Approach in Regulations on Radioactive Effluent Control at Overseas RI Handling Facilities and Proposal to Improve Relevant Regulations in Korea
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In Korea, current regulatory standards for radioactive effluent from radioisotope (RI)handling facility still needs to adopt a graded approach per the magnitude of radioactive material andthe likelihood of potential radiological impact. Also, a dose constraint for radioactive effluent has notbeen applied to the RI handling facility in Korea. To overcome the limitations and propose application toKorean regulations, this study comparatively analyzed regulatory standards of selected countries (UnitedStates, Germany, Finland, Sweden, and United Kingdom), reflecting the graded approach. All thosecountries have a single dose constraint (0.01 to 0.3 mSv y-1) as a small fraction of dose limits and apply itto the RI handling facility, which uses unsealed sources. Also, radioactivity concentration limits or totalradioactivity limits are derived from those constraints. In the United Kingdom (UK), the graded approachfor dose assessment is adopted with the optimization threshold (0.02 mSv y-1). With this threshold, the UKregulatory institute provides dose assessment methodology with conservative assumptions for screeningpurposes or methodology with relatively realistic assumptions for detail assessment. Based on thepractices of the selected countries, this study suggests establishing a dose constraint for the RI handlingfacilities to apply the graded approach in Korean regulatory standards. Also, the relevant regulatoryprocess should not place an undue burden on licensees. In line with this, the regulatory institute mightconsider providing a simple dose assessment tool for screening purposes or applicable discharge limitsin terms of total radioactivity or radioactivity concentration to help the licensees comply with the doseconstraints more easily. This study is expected to be used as the basic research to enhance the gradedapproach in Korean regulations on radioactive effluent control of the RI handling facility.
Abstract
In Korea, current regulatory standards for radioactive effluent from radioisotope (RI)handling facility still needs to adopt a graded approach per the magnitude of radioactive material andthe likelihood of potential radiological impact. Also, a dose constraint for radioactive effluent has notbeen applied to the RI handling facility in Korea. To overcome the limitations and propose application toKorean regulations, this study comparatively analyzed regulatory standards of selected countries (UnitedStates, Germany, Finland, Sweden, and United Kingdom), reflecting the graded approach. All thosecountries have a single dose constraint (0.01 to 0.3 mSv y-1) as a small fraction of dose limits and apply itto the RI handling facility, which uses unsealed sources. Also, radioactivity concentration limits or totalradioactivity limits are derived from those constraints. In the United Kingdom (UK), the graded approachfor dose assessment is adopted with the optimization threshold (0.02 mSv y-1). With this threshold, the UKregulatory institute provides dose assessment methodology with conservative assumptions for screeningpurposes or methodology with relatively realistic assumptions for detail assessment. Based on thepractices of the selected countries, this study suggests establishing a dose constraint for the RI handlingfacilities to apply the graded approach in Korean regulatory standards. Also, the relevant regulatoryprocess should not place an undue burden on licensees. In line with this, the regulatory institute mightconsider providing a simple dose assessment tool for screening purposes or applicable discharge limitsin terms of total radioactivity or radioactivity concentration to help the licensees comply with the doseconstraints more easily. This study is expected to be used as the basic research to enhance the gradedapproach in Korean regulations on radioactive effluent control of the RI handling facility.
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