『논어』 ‘북신(北辰)과 뭇별(衆星)’의 비유를 통해 본 정약용의 유위론

Abstract

In Confucianism, Politics is a Politico-philosophical practice seeks to realize a moral ideal society by self-discipline and the other. This paper sheds light on the conflicting politico-Philosophical understanding between Zhu Xi and Dasan, focusing on the concept of Politics of virtue(德治) and Non-activity(無爲) in 『Analect』, which contains the political vision of Confucianism, and analyzes what interpretive basis Dasan surpassing Zhu Xi’s non-activity. Dasan focused on explaining ‘the role of sovereign’ based on the concept of virtue that emphasized actual practice. While recontextualizing the parable of the North Star and the stars and reading historical records, he tried to demonstrate the validity of the sovereign's political practice. Concretely he interpreted 'the North Star and the stars' as 'a specific point in the northern sky and the stars orbiting in a specific orbit’. From this, he was freed from the theory of Zhu Xi’s who led to the sovereign's political indifference. Dasan, deviated from Zhu Xi's theoretical magnetic field, actively represented the politics of the sovereign, highlighting the specific and diverse aspects of moral initiatives, filial piety, and rituals, and human resources affairs and financial management. Finally, he integrates ‘political practice as a catalyst for people's moral enlightenment’ and ‘people's moral enlightenment as the completion of political practice’ confirming the importance of the sovereign's retention as a contact point between scripture studies and the rule of state. As a result, he summoned the sovereign successfully who is alienated from real politics to the very center of politics.