外来語と日本語文の特徴 ー「ログイン、ログアウト、チェックイン、チェックアウト」を中心にー

Abstract

In the history of vocabulary, vernacular Japanese has been endlessly created and destroyed, while Kanji, or Chinese characters originating from China and used in Japanese, have become part of the Japanese language as they went through shifts in meaning and function, although not as much as vernacular Japanese. Furthermore, Chinese characters are not considered to be derived from a foreign language, but rather part of genuine Japanese itself. The creation of vocabulary has been increasing in recent years in the form of more and more diverse languages. Originally, neologisms come and go in fads, but there are some loanwords that are long-lasting and can be registered in dictionaries. In particular, Western-rooted loanwords have a shorter history than kanji, and there are variations in how their original meanings are accepted and understood. In this article, I examine how these Western-rooted "loanwords" have been used in modern Japanese through various phonetic changes, and ultimately, whether they are still morphologically and syntactically functional in the classification of Japanese. In the course of the analysis, we combined the study of loanword nouns that are too new to be studied with the study of [イン・アウト](in, out), which is frequently used from the 1980s to the present in the BCCWJ's chronological search, as there is a risk that too recent vocabularies will be lost over time. The morphological and syntactic analysis of 「ログイン､ログアウト」(log-in, log-out) and 「 チェックイン､チェックアウト」(check-in, check-out), which are verbilized with foreign nouns or foreign words, revealed that the former is used with part-of-speech errors and the latter is used without proper application of voices including the first- and second-person voices. It is thought that the introduction and application of foreign words is a phenomenon that causes misuse in Japanese syntax. For follow-up projects, I suggest that we should analyze the effects of the use of these foreign words on Japanese sentences in detail and seek solutions for the future.