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사회적 자본의 의미와 지역혁신과의 연계성

The Meaning of Social Capital and Its Link to Regional Innovation

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초록

본 논문은 사회적 자본, 지역혁신역량 및 지역혁신간의 관계성을 검토하고, 그 관계성의 복잡성과 상호적 순환성을 강조한다. 지역개발모형에서 단일 방향적 혁신을 강조하는 전통적 선형혁신접근방법과 대조적으로, 지역혁신역량이나 지역혁신에 대한 사회적 자본의 영향을 보다 포괄적으로 검토하는 동태적접근방법을 강조한다. 분석결과, 지역혁신의 자원이자 결과로서의 사회적 자본의 이중적 측면이 두드러진다. 사회적 자본은 무엇보다도 지역혁신역량의 형성과 지역혁신에 기여할 수 있다. 더욱이, 사회적 자본은 지역혁신역량의 ‘숨겨진 매듭’으로서의 역할과함께 지역혁신의 결과로서 검토될 필요가 있다. 여기서는 지역혁신의 자원으로서의 사회적 자본의 역할측면으로서 우선 지역혁신의 구성요소와 사회적 자본의 연계성 분석, 상충적인 실증분석결과를 활용한사회적 자본의 두 가지 모습에 대한 조명, 지역혁신역량의 ‘숨겨진 매듭’으로서의 사회적 자본의 기능등을 분석하였다. 그리고 지역혁신의 결과로서의 사회적 자본의 측면은 핵심 구성요소와 순환과정 측면에서 협력규범과 참여네트워크의 형성 및 작동관계, 집합적 행동의 선순환성 강화 측면 그리고 새로운 균형의 발현과 흐름 관계 등을 밝혔다.

Abstract

This research examines the relationship between social capital, regional innovation capability, and regional innovation, and emphasizes the complexity and reciprocal circularity of the relationship. In contrast to the conventional linear innovation approach that emphasizes unidirectional innovation process in the regional development model, it emphasizes a dynamic approach that more comprehensively examines the impact of social capital on regional innovation capability or regional innovation. The analysis shows that the dual aspect of social capital as a resource and result of regional innovation is prominent. Social capital can, among other things, contribute to the formation of regional innovation capability and regional innovation. Moreover, social capital needs to be examined as a result of regional innovation along with its role as a ‘hidden link’ of regional innovation capability. Here, for the role of social capital as a resource of regional innovation, this research has, first of all, analyzed the connection between the components of regional innovation and social capital, illuminated the two aspects of social capital using contradicting empirical analysis results, and analyzed the function of social capital as a 'hidden link' of regional innovation capability. In terms of core components and circular processes, this research has, for the aspects of social capital as a result of regional innovation, revealed the formation and operation of cooperation norms and participation networks, the reinforcing aspects of the virtuous circle of collective actions, and the emergence and flow of new equilibrium.

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