감염병 방역조치 변화에 따른 국립공원 방문의도 영향요인의 잠재평균 차이 -확장된 계획행동이론을 중심으로-
Comparison of Latent Mean Differences in the Influencing Factors of Intention to Visit National Parks Due to the Changes in Infectious Disease Quarantine Measures -Focusing on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior-
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초록
본 연구는 선행연구(Seong & Hong, 2021)에 이은 반복적 횡단연구를 위해 설계되었으며, With COVID-19로 방역체계 전환이 시작된 시점인 2022년 9월 수행된 설문조사 결과를 토대로 진행되었다. 즉, 방역조치 강력 시행기인 지난 연구(2020년 9월)와 With COVID-19로 방역체계 전환과 함께 사회적 거리두기가 전면 해제된 시점인 2022년 9월을 비교하여 탐방객의 의사결정 심리적 요인에 변화가 있는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 COVID-19 위험지각과 대응행동으로 확장한 계획행동이론의 주요변수를 통해 2020년과 2022년 국립공원 탐방객의 심리적 차원에서 잠재평균의 차이가 나타나는지 검증함에 있다. 구조모형의 잠재평균 차이분석 결과, 방역 강화 시기(2020년)에 높았던 위험지각, 태도, 규범, 행동의도, 대응행동은 사회적 거리가 완화된 시기(2022년)에는 전반적으로 유의미하게 하락한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 방역 강화 시기에는 국립공원 방문 자체가 더 위험하게 인식되었지만, 동시에 자연 속 아웃도어 관광지인 국립공원이 긍정적으로 평가되었으며, 예방적 대응행동과 함께 향후 방문의도가 방역 완화시기에 비해 더 강했음을 의미한다.
Abstract
This study was designed for repeated cross-sectional studies following previous studies (Seong and Hong, 2021), and was conducted based on the results of a survey conducted in September 2022, when the transition to the quarantine system began due to With COVID-19. In other words, we would like to compare the previous study (September 2020), which is the period of strong implementation of quarantine measures, with September 2022 when social distancing was completely lifted along with the transition to the quarantine system due to With COVID-19, to examine whether there is a change in the psychological factors of visitors' decision-making. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to verify whether there is a difference in the potential mean in the psychological dimension of visitors to national parks in 2020 and 2022 through the main variables of the planned behavior theory extended to COVID-19 risk perception and response behavior. As a result of the analysis of the difference in the potential mean of the structural model, it was found that risk perception, attitude, norm, behavioral intention, and response behavior, which were high in the period of quarantine reinforcement (2020), decreased significantly overall in the period when social distance was eased (2022). This means that during the period of strengthening quarantine, visiting national parks themselves was perceived as more dangerous, but at the same time, national parks, an outdoor tourist destination in nature, were evaluated positively, and the intention to visit in the future along with preventive countermeasures was stronger than during the period of easing quarantine.