직무 임베디드니스가 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향과 진정성 리더십의 조절효과
The Impact of Job Embeddedness on Organizational Citizenship Behavior - Moderating Effect of Authentic Leadership -
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생활환경의 변화로 인해 직장에서 구성원의 조직행동에 영향을 미치는 요인이 다양해지고 있다. 일과 보수 등 전통적 관심사 외에 동료와의 인간관계, 자녀의 학교문제, 사는 동네의 여가활동 조건 등 직장 밖의 요인도 포함된다. 종업원의 직장 내 잔류를 예측하는 직무 임베디드니스 개념은 바로 이러한 변화를 포착하고 있다. 선행연구에서 직무 임베디드니스는 종업원이 이직하지 않고 조직에 잔류하는 요인으로 실증되었다. 그러나 최근에는 단순히 잔류하는 데에서 한 발 더 나아가 조직에 도움이 되는 종업원의 태도와 행동의 선행요인으로서 보다 적극적인 측면이 부각되고 있다. 한편 대부분의 직무임베디드니스의 결과영향에 관한 연구에서 조직내적 요인에 국한하여 연구가 진행되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 직무임베디드니스의 온전한 영향력을 확인하기 위해 조직내적 요인뿐만 아니라 조직외적 요인까지 포함하여 조직성과와의 관계를 실증하였다. 또한 이들 관계의 상황요인으로서 진정성 리더십의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과, 직무 임베디드니스의 하위차원 중 직장내 요인은 적합성과 관계성이, 직장외 요인은 적합성과 이직시손실이 조직시민행동에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 직무임베디드니스와 조직시민행동 간의 관계에서 진정성리더십은 부분적으로 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 이론적, 실무적 시사점과 향후 연구방향이 논의되었다.
Abstract
Mitchell et al.(2001) introduced a new construct “job embeddedness” as a result of their study on the causes for voluntary turnover. Job embeddedness is a crucial factor that reduces voluntary turnover but also increases employee’s favorable behaviors for the organization. Early studies on embeddedness regarded it as an antecedent of stay and focused on proving the relationship between them. Recent studies have suggested that job embeddedness could increases helpful behavior for the organization. Despite the increasing attention on more favorable consequences of job embeddedness, little empirical research has been done about it. This study investigated the effects of every subdimensions of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) with moderating effect of authentic leadership based on 709 white color workers in Korea. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. First, the paper shows that ‘Fit’, ‘Link’ among the on-the-Job subdimensions of job embeddedness have a positive effect on OCB, while 'Fit', ‘Sacrifice’ among the off-the-job subdimensions shows a significant positive effect on OCB. Second, it is found that authentic leadership partially moderate the relationship between job embeddedness and organizational citizenship behavior. Managerial and theoretical implications were discussed based on the results of the study and recommendations for future research were suggested.
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