변혁적 리더십과 셀프리더십이 창의성에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Self-Leadership on Creativity
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초록
오늘날 복잡한 환경에 적응하고 생존하기 위해 창의성을 발휘하는 것이 무엇보다도 요구되고 있다. 이에 따라 창의성에 관련된 많은 연구들이 시도되어온 결과 개인특성이나 환경적 특성에 초점을 맞춘 연구에서부터 결과론적 측면에까지 연구범위가 확대되어 왔다. 그러나 기존 연구들은 조직 환경 혹은 개인의 특성들이 창의성으로 미치는 직접적인 관계에 대해서만 다루는 연구들이 대부분이며, 개인 창의성의 당사자인 조직구성원들의 성격이나 가치관적인 특성이 외적 요인을 연관하여 창의성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중요한 환경적 요인 중의 하나라고 할 수 있는 리더십 스타일이 창의성에 미치는 영향에 있어 개인의 내적 동기 특성이라고 할 수 있는 셀프리더십과 관련하여 이들이 개인 창의성에 미치는 역할을 동시에 고려하여 그 영향 관계를 연구하고자 한다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 변혁적 리더십은 셀프리더십에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 셀프리더십이 창의성에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 변혁적 리더십이 창의성에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며 넷째, 변혁적 리더십과 창의성과의 관계에서 셀프리더십이 부분매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 분석결과에 의하면 현저한 외부 제약이 존재하지 않을 경우, 자기주도적 과업수행을 장려하고, 과업수행에 대한 내적 동기를 강조하는 변혁적 리더는 구성원의 태도 변화와 내적 동기부여를 촉진하여 창의성에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤을 뿐 아니라 셀프리더십을 통해서도 창의성을 강화하였다.
Abstract
The competitiveness of an organization depends on its ability to continuously adapt to new environments and create innovative ideas. Considerable evidence suggests that members’ creativity makes an important contribution to organizational innovation, effectiveness and survival. Therefore. organizations need to create a working environment that encourages members’ creative thinking. The purpose of this study seeks to examine the effect of transformational leadership and self-leadership on creativity and investigate a mediating effect of self-leadership on the relationship between transformational leadership and creativity. This study analyzed 470 random samples surveyed on service providers who work for financial institutions. The data analysis was done by SAS Ver 9.1 and LISREL 8.30 package. As with previous studies, this study also confirmed that transformational leadership and self-leadership help enhance the creativity of an organization and its members. Several important findings emerged from this research. First, transformational leadership had a significant power in accounting for creativity. Second, transformational leadership was related with self-leadership. Third, self-leadership had a positive influence on creativity. Fourth, self-leadership partially mediated the relationships among transformational leadership and creativity. When managers exhibit transformational leadership and members show self-leadership, both individuals and organizations can increase subordinates’ creativity and collective creativity. As a result, this study was to be more useful to manage financial institution’s employees. Based on these findings, future study will need to identify and verify the diverse variables involved in supporting creative management.
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