汉·韩语“含、咬”和“물다”的隐喻对比浅析
A Comparative Analysis of the Metaphors of "Han, Bite" and "물다" in Chinese and Korean
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초록
汉语的“含”、“咬”和韩语的“물다”是众多表示口部进食动词中的几个。通过语料库对它们的隐喻表达进行搜集、分析、对比是本文研究的内容。 “含”和“물다”的源域是不同的，也因此两个词向完全不同的目标域进行了映射。“含”向“包括”和“具有情感”进行了映射，“물다”则向“连续、接连不断”、“不改变态度或方向”、“位置、比分等方面接近、紧跟不放”进行了映射。这种不同之处是因为两个词源域中所体现出的关系、内容是完全不同的。 “咬”和“물다”的源域是包含关系，“咬”的源域包含着“물다”的源域。两个词源域重合的部分使得两个词都向“不改变态度或方向”和“位置、比分等方面接近、紧跟不放”两个目标域进行了映射。“咬”源域中所独有的分离义使得其向“准确、清晰或着重发出某个字的音”、“学习、钻研”、“机器等将物体夹住或分离”进行了映射。“물다”向“连续、接连不断”进行的映射体现了韩语对事物的独特理解。“咬”向“造成伤害”进行的映射体现了两个词关注焦点上的不同。
Abstract
"含", "咬" in Chinese, and "물다" in Korean are just a few of the many verbs that denote oral feeding. The content of this paper is to collect, analyze and compare their metaphorical expressions through corpus. The source domains of "含" and "물다" are different, so the two words are mapped to completely different target domains. "含" is mapped to "include" and "with emotion", "물다" is to "continuous", "no change in attitude or direction", "Close and tight in position, score, etc." mapped. This difference is due to the fact that the relationship, the content, embodied in the two etymological domains is completely different. The source domains of "咬" and "물다" are inclusive, and the source domain of "咬" contains the source domain of "물다". The overlap of the two source domains allows both words to map to the target domains of "no change in attitude or direction" and "Close and tight in position, score, etc.". The unique sense of separation in the source domain of "咬" allows it to be mapped to "to pronounce a word accurately, clearly, or with emphasis", "to learn, study", "to hold or separate an object by a machine, etc.". The mapping of "물다" to "continuous" reflects the unique understanding of Korean. The mapping of "咬" to "cause harm" reflects the difference in the focus of the two words.
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