『宋史筌』 「五行志」의 “災異”기록과 그 의미

Abstract

Song-Sa-Jeon, the Commentaries on the History of Song was complied under Jeong-Jo of the Chosun Dynasty in 1780, which was the result of integration for historical precept such as political, cultural successes and failures in the whole history of Chinese Song Dynasty. The History of Song with its 496 chapters is the largest of the 24 Dynastic Histories. It contains 47 chapters of Imperial biographies, 162 chapters covering Song Dynasty records, 32 chapters of tables (showing genealogy etc.) and 255 chapters of historical biographies. And Song-Sa-Jeon was composed with 8 chapters of Imperial biographies, 47 chapters covering Song Dynasty records, 91 chapters of historical biographies. and From the statistical data, this book was reduced to 28% of the original. but It was not simple summary or rearrangement of The History of Song, was to correct some of the shortcomings of the History of Song, and to reorganize the Song Dynasty's history with the Confucianism from her own view-point. This paper is tried to analyze how to correct some of the shortcomings of the History of Song and to recompile Treatise on the Five Elements(五行志) as a special from of ancient historiography, which mainly records natural disasters and extraordinary events. Treatise on the Five Elements in Song-Sa-Jeon rationally classified natural disasters, which had frequently occurred in era of Song Dynasty, from extraordinary events with two categories, that is, water and fire in Five Elements(五行). It was more systematically recompiled in the frequency of disasters, records of damage conditions than it's original version. On the other hand, it was not only the historical records of natural disasters, but also means a kind of prior warnings or caution signals to King and politicians, those have regarded it as a political and moral self-reflection in Confucian thought. The theory of Interaction between human and heaven(天人感應)is a set of doctrines formulated by Chinese Han Dynasty scholar Dong Zhongshu which at that time became the basis for deciding the legitimacy of a monarch. At the same time, for the Confucian School of Thought, Interactions between Heaven and Mankind provided a set of checks and balances on a reigning monarch. They believed that a monarch was ordained by heaven as its representative. Auspicious heaven honoured the ruler; calamitous heaven condemned his thinking with all calamity caused by political errors. Treatise on the Five Elements, Song-Sa-Jeon was also based on this thought of Confucianism which Korean Chosun Dynasty had set a high value on.