現代日本語における「普通」の用法 ― 韓国人学習者と日本語母語話者の例を比較しながら ―

Abstract

This study describes the usages of hutsuu (“normal, normally”) in modern Japanese and investigates learners’ errors by using the International Corpus of Japanese as a Second Language (IJAS). The Korean and Japanese languages have a lot in common especially in Kanjinouns (nouns based on Chinese characters), and this represents an advantage for Korean learners of Japanese. Misuse is rarely seen in nominal usages of hutsuu. However, comparison of Korean learners’ usages with those of native Japanese speakers revealed errors made by Korean learners, especially in the adverbial uses of hutsuu. There are two types of errors made by learners, “confusing the meanings (hutsuu and hudan)” and “confusing the forms (hutsuu and hutsuuni)”. It is difficult for Korean learners to distinguish between hutsuu (in the sense of “generally”) and hutsuuni (in the sense of “ordinarily”), and it will be necessary to provide guidance on the differences in meanings and functions between the two. On the other hand, in the adverbial use of hutsuu that modifies a verb predicate, natural usage like that of native Japanese speakers can be seen, but no examples were found of modifying nouns and adjectives. A new adverbial use of hutsuuni that modifies adjectives in modern Japanese cannot yet be said to be common, but it is used by young people these days and described in the Digital Daijisen dictionary (web version) etc. It is expected that advanced learners who can easily come into contact with the mass media will use it in the near future. Further detailed consideration and analysis of the semantic change about it are expected in the future.