통사적 사역 구문과 어휘적 사역 구문의 의미
The meanings of the Syntactic and Lexical Causative Constructions
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This paper examines the meanings of syntactic and lexical causative constructions in Korean. Two syntactic constructions [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] are compared with two lexical constructions [V-{i}da] and [N-sikida]. The method is distinctive collexeme analysis, which is based on the occurrences of words in a construction. The corpus used in this study is the Sejong Korean Corpus (about 15,000,000 words). The result shows that, when compared with both [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] constructions, the [V-{i}da] construction has the causative effects that are mainly events (verbs), not states (adjectives), In contrast, the effects of the [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] constructions are mainly states (adjectives). Particularly, the [V-ge mandeulda] construction's effects are usually negative. The [N-sikida] construction, compared with the syntactic causative constructions, shows that its effects are usually 1) (gradual) increase or decrease of quantity or degree, 2) instantaneous events (ie. achievements), and 3) events with one argument semantic role (intransive Vs). In contrast, the effects of the [V-ge hada] construction are mental attitudes and events of saying. The effects of the [V-ge mandeulda] are negative situations. Overall, of the lexical causative constructions, the [N-sikida] construction is more restrictive than the [V-{i}da] construction with respect to causative effects.
Abstract
This paper examines the meanings of syntactic and lexical causative constructions in Korean. Two syntactic constructions [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] are compared with two lexical constructions [V-{i}da] and [N-sikida]. The method is distinctive collexeme analysis, which is based on the occurrences of words in a construction. The corpus used in this study is the Sejong Korean Corpus (about 15,000,000 words). The result shows that, when compared with both [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] constructions, the [V-{i}da] construction has the causative effects that are mainly events (verbs), not states (adjectives), In contrast, the effects of the [V-ge hada] and [V-ge mandeulda] constructions are mainly states (adjectives). Particularly, the [V-ge mandeulda] construction's effects are usually negative. The [N-sikida] construction, compared with the syntactic causative constructions, shows that its effects are usually 1) (gradual) increase or decrease of quantity or degree, 2) instantaneous events (ie. achievements), and 3) events with one argument semantic role (intransive Vs). In contrast, the effects of the [V-ge hada] construction are mental attitudes and events of saying. The effects of the [V-ge mandeulda] are negative situations. Overall, of the lexical causative constructions, the [N-sikida] construction is more restrictive than the [V-{i}da] construction with respect to causative effects.
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