한·일어 사동의 비교연구 – 한국어 장형사동을 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of causative in Korean and Japanese by analyzing Korean and Japanese causative both in Korean-Japanese and Japanese-Korean translation data. Especially, focusing on the syntactic causative ‘-key hada’ in korean. For analysis, first the syntactic causative in korean and the Japanese corresponding to Korean syntactic causative was selected. And a causative proper use was divided into manipulation, compulsion, permission, and direction. In addition, ‘-key hada’ verb was classified into the main verb, the helping verb, and the pro-verb. The results are presented as follows: the Japanese corresponding to Korean syntactic causative includes transitive verb use, causative passive, and other constructs similar to causative, i.e., ようにする(youni suru), and ように命じる(youi meiziru). In the case of manipulation, there existed inanimate subject which was personified. There existed two types of adjectival causative, i.e., causation and non-causation in Korean. Accordingly, the corresponding difference was shown in the Japanese translation. In the case of ‘-key hay cuda’ which was a combined form of syntactic causative and dative verbs, there existed a use without causative meaning. This use was translated into ‘てくれる’(te kureru) and the use with causative meaning was represented by ‘てあげる’(te ageru) in Japanese. There existed a difference between compulsion and directions. Directions in the syntactic causative in korean represented a state change of causee, whereas the compulsion did not. Regarding non-causative sentences which were combined to the verbs of reference meaning, i. e., ‘ように 命じる’, extended use of the verbs was observed with appearance of the verb ‘言う’. Furthermore, imperative forms were revealed to be considered as peripheral causative.