한․일 전통 공연예술 유래 관용표현 대조고찰
A Comparative Study of Idioms Derived from Traditional Korean and Japanese Entertainments
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초록
本研究では、日․韓両語の伝統芸能に由来する慣用表現を「演劇」、「音楽」、「踊り」の三つの分野に分け、各分野別慣用表現の様相及びその意味からの発想を対照分析した。伝統芸能に由来する慣用表現は、韓国語では71句、日本語では90句が収集された。 まず、演劇由来の慣用表現の場合、俳優․演技関連表現と演劇をめぐる派生表現からの慣用表現を中心に日本語の方で発達しており、音楽由来の慣用表現の場合は、日本語に比べ、韓国語の方で発達していたことが分かった。 両語の共通点としては、貴族文化に由来する慣用表現は極めて制限的であった点、歌から由来した慣用表現が見当たらない点、ネガティブな表現が非常に多く見られた点などが挙げられよう。 両語の相違点としては、韓国語の場合、比較的開放的な屋外公演中心の「パンソリ」と「ナムサダンペ」公演、そしてシャーマニズム信仰関連公演の影響から動きが大きく、批判の意味も強いネガティブな表現が発達している特徴があった。日本語の場合は、形式美が強調される室内公演中心の歌舞伎と能、特に歌舞伎の影響が絶対的であり、ネガティブな表現であっても動きは大きくなく、批判の意味も強くないところが見られた。 以上、本研究を通して、両国語の伝統芸能に由来する慣用表現の特徴的発想を理解することができたし、実践的な通訳․翻訳にも一助できるだろうと思われる。
Abstract
This study focused on the idioms derived from traditional entertainments in Korea and Japan. They were sorted into three areas: Plays, Music, and Dance, and contrasted and analyzed the aspects and meanings in each field, and tried to identify the characteristic ideas of both Korean and Japanese languages and to help interpret and translate them. The number of collected idioms was 71 in Korean and 90 in Japanese. Plays derived idioms were more common in Japanese. Korean idioms showed more of music derived ones. The commonalities were that idioms derived from aristocratic culture were extremely limited, there were no idioms related to songs, and expressions with negative images occupied most of them. On the one hand, in the case of Korean, due to the strong influence of relatively open outdoor performances such as Pansori and Namsadang performances, and shamanistic faith performances, expressions with large movements and strong critical meanings with negative images have developed. However, in the case of Japanese, Kabuki and Noh, which emphasize restraint and formal beauty, were mainly indoor performances, and the influence of Kabuki was absolute. In the case of expressions with negative images, there was a difference in that the movements were small and the intensity of criticism was not strong.
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