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태국어 신체 어휘 후아(/hua/, ‘머리’)의 다의성에 관한 인지언어학적 고찰

A Cognitive Linguistic Study on Polysemy of Body Part Term /hua/ (‘head’) in Thai

박경은|노흠휘
동남아연구소 (Center for Southeast Asian Studies)|2019.01|동남아연구|제28권 제3호|pp. 71-122|DOI 10.21485/hufsea.2019.28.3.003

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참고문헌

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conceptualizationgrammaticalizationThaiheadbody-part term
주제분류학제간연구

초록

This study analyzes the polysemy of one of the main body part terms in Thai, /hua/, which shows the broad meaning extension in the basic Thai lexicon. As a result of an analysis of various meaning extensions based upon the prototypical meaning of /hua/, we found interesting results regarding grammaticalization and conceptualization as follows: First, we identified that the meaning and function of the body part term, /hua/(‘head’), has extended in various ways, including: (1) animate object > inanimate object; (2) object > space; (3) space > time; (4) concreteness > abstractness; and (5) content word > function word. As examples of grammaticalization centered on the human physical experience, such meaning and function extensions provide an interesting basis for the polysemy of body part terms. Second, through an examination of conceptual metaphorical meaning extensions of /hua/, we captured two distinct aspects of such meaning extensions, the ontological metaphor and the orientational metaphor. Examples of the ontological metaphor include: THE HEAD IS A CONTAINER; THE HEAD IS AN OBJECT; and THE HEAD IS A MACHINE or THE MIND IS A MACHINE. Also, examples of the orientational metaphor include: SHOWING RESPECT OR SURRENDER IS BENDING THE HEAD; HIGH STATUS IS OVER HEAD; and UNCONSCIOUS IS DOWN. Third, we found that the meaning of /hua/ also extends by means of conceptual metonymy. Such a meaning extension can be largely divdied into five different categories: (1) WHOLE FOR PART: THE HEAD STANDS FOR THE HAIR; (2) PART FOR WHOLE: THE HEAD STANDS FOR THE PERSON; (3) THE HEAD STANDS FOR MENTAL FACULTIES; (4) THE HEAD STANDS FOR CHARACTER; and (5) BODY’S PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION STANDS FOR EMOTION. We hope this study on grammaticalization and conceptual metaphors and metonymy of the Thai body part term, /hua/, will be of academic value as a case study supporting the embodied meaning and cognitive conceptualization theory in Cognitive Linguistics.

Abstract

This study analyzes the polysemy of one of the main body part terms in Thai, /hua/, which shows the broad meaning extension in the basic Thai lexicon. As a result of an analysis of various meaning extensions based upon the prototypical meaning of /hua/, we found interesting results regarding grammaticalization and conceptualization as follows: First, we identified that the meaning and function of the body part term, /hua/(‘head’), has extended in various ways, including: (1) animate object > inanimate object; (2) object > space; (3) space > time; (4) concreteness > abstractness; and (5) content word > function word. As examples of grammaticalization centered on the human physical experience, such meaning and function extensions provide an interesting basis for the polysemy of body part terms. Second, through an examination of conceptual metaphorical meaning extensions of /hua/, we captured two distinct aspects of such meaning extensions, the ontological metaphor and the orientational metaphor. Examples of the ontological metaphor include: THE HEAD IS A CONTAINER; THE HEAD IS AN OBJECT; and THE HEAD IS A MACHINE or THE MIND IS A MACHINE. Also, examples of the orientational metaphor include: SHOWING RESPECT OR SURRENDER IS BENDING THE HEAD; HIGH STATUS IS OVER HEAD; and UNCONSCIOUS IS DOWN. Third, we found that the meaning of /hua/ also extends by means of conceptual metonymy. Such a meaning extension can be largely divdied into five different categories: (1) WHOLE FOR PART: THE HEAD STANDS FOR THE HAIR; (2) PART FOR WHOLE: THE HEAD STANDS FOR THE PERSON; (3) THE HEAD STANDS FOR MENTAL FACULTIES; (4) THE HEAD STANDS FOR CHARACTER; and (5) BODY’S PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION STANDS FOR EMOTION. We hope this study on grammaticalization and conceptual metaphors and metonymy of the Thai body part term, /hua/, will be of academic value as a case study supporting the embodied meaning and cognitive conceptualization theory in Cognitive Linguistics.

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관련 논문AI추천

태국어의 신체어 /hua/의 의미전이 연구윤경원동남아연구소 · 동남아연구2007 · 제17권 제1호태국어 신체 어휘 의미의 은유적 확장 - “므” (‘손’) 의 다의성박경은동남아연구소 · 동남아연구2012 · 제22권 제1호영어 ‘head/face’와 한국어 대응어의 다의성 비교 연구김태호, 박기성사단법인 한국언어학회 · 언어학2014 · 제22권 제3호관용 표현의 확장 기제 - 신체어 ‘머리’를 중심으로구현정담화·인지언어학회 · 담화와 인지2011 · 제18권 제3호신체어의 의미 확장 양상과 해석임지룡배달말학회 · 배달말2016 · 제59호태국어 신체어휘 /naa/와 /lang/의 문법화와 교육에서의 시사점박경은한국태국학회 · 한국태국학회논총2017 · 제23권 제2호

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