The Political Economy of Vietnam’s Economic Development: Searching for Nature of the State
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Vietnam’s reform policy ‘Doimoi’ adopted in 1986 is a historical turning point of the country’s development. From a centrally planned economy, the state has untied the economy and allowed a series of ‘fence-breaking’ changes to transform itself into a socialist-oriented market one. Throughout the reforming process, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) has always played a critical role in creating significant developmental outcomes. Based on Doimoi’s outcomes, there are various approaches aiming to conceptualize Vietnam’s development model such as efforts of flying geese model or developmental state model. However, examining the Vietnamese state under the ‘hard state’ prism is the first time done through this study. The ‘hard state’ approach provides in-depth analyses about the nature of the Vietnamese state which focuses on Vietnamese leadership, the social-political system and insights about various elements of not only economics but also the country’s long course of its social and political development. Findings suggest that the Vietnamese state is characterized as a ‘hard state,’ but also bears the most basic features of a developmental state since Doimoi. This implies that the ‘hard’ nature of the CPV’s leadership has been the key determinant of the successful Doimoi policy. However, a ‘hard state’ merely provides necessary conditions that are required by a developmental state for further rapid growth. Besides that, the geopolitical strategy of the Vietnamese state has always played a critical role in the country’s policy implementation and development process. Therefore, consideration of the nature of the Vietnamese state based on both internal and external perspectives of the hard state and development state model may reflect a better picture over the course of development in Vietnam.
Abstract
Vietnam’s reform policy ‘Doimoi’ adopted in 1986 is a historical turning point of the country’s development. From a centrally planned economy, the state has untied the economy and allowed a series of ‘fence-breaking’ changes to transform itself into a socialist-oriented market one. Throughout the reforming process, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) has always played a critical role in creating significant developmental outcomes. Based on Doimoi’s outcomes, there are various approaches aiming to conceptualize Vietnam’s development model such as efforts of flying geese model or developmental state model. However, examining the Vietnamese state under the ‘hard state’ prism is the first time done through this study. The ‘hard state’ approach provides in-depth analyses about the nature of the Vietnamese state which focuses on Vietnamese leadership, the social-political system and insights about various elements of not only economics but also the country’s long course of its social and political development. Findings suggest that the Vietnamese state is characterized as a ‘hard state,’ but also bears the most basic features of a developmental state since Doimoi. This implies that the ‘hard’ nature of the CPV’s leadership has been the key determinant of the successful Doimoi policy. However, a ‘hard state’ merely provides necessary conditions that are required by a developmental state for further rapid growth. Besides that, the geopolitical strategy of the Vietnamese state has always played a critical role in the country’s policy implementation and development process. Therefore, consideration of the nature of the Vietnamese state based on both internal and external perspectives of the hard state and development state model may reflect a better picture over the course of development in Vietnam.
참고문헌 (33)
- Andreff, W., "The double transition from underdevelopment and from socialism in Vietnam", Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1, pp.515~531 (1993)
- Beeson, M., "Developmentalism with Vietnamese characteristics: the persistence of state-led development in East Asia", Journal of Contemporary Asia, 42(4), pp.539~559 (2012), Taylor & Francis
- Beresford, M., "Vietnam: politics, economics, and society" (1988), Pinter
- Blomkvist, H., "The soft state: making policy in a different context" (1992), University of Pittsburgh Press
- Bolesta, A., "China and post-socialist development" (2014), Policy Press
- Catherine V. Scott, "Socialism and the 'soft state' in Africa: an analysis of Angola and Mozambique", The Journal of Modern African Studies, 26(1), pp.23~ (1988)
- Caughron, M. C., "Whither Myrdal? an inquiry into the theoretical and educational contributions of the Asian drama", Ph.D., pp.2015
- Chalmers Johnson, "The developmental state", pp.32~60 (1999), Cornell University Press
- Doner, R. F., "Systemic vulnerability and the origins of developmental states: Northeast and southeast asia in comparative perspective", International Organization, 59(02), pp.327~361 (2005)
- Fatton, R., "Predatory rule: state and civil society in Africa" (1992), Lynne Rienner Publisher
- Gainsborough, M., "Present but not powerful: neoliberalism, the state, and development in Vietnam", Globalisation, 7(4), pp.475~488 (2010)
- "Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2018" (2018)[URL]
- "Legal normative documents" (2019)[URL]
- Joshua B. F., "The quest for state"hardness"in Africa", Comparative Politics, 20(4), pp.423~ (1988)
- Jung, W., "Race to the swift: state and finance in Korean industrialization" (1991), Columbia Univ. Press
- Reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam to increase performance and profit, "Kim. K.", Asian Development Bank Institute, ~, pp.ADBI Working paper 999 (2019)
- Kornai, J., "The socialist system: the political economy of communism" (1992), Princeton University Press
- Lankester, T., "‘Asian drama’: The pursuit of modernization in india and indonesia", Asian Affairs, 35(3), pp.291~304 (2004)
- Lavigne, M., "The economics of transition: from socialist economy to market economy" (1995), Macmillan
- Le Hong, H., "The Vietnam-US-China triangle: new dynamics and implications" (2015), ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute
- Le Hong, H., "Performance-based legitimacy: the case of the Communist Party of Vietnam and "Doimoi"", Contemporary Southeast Asia, 145~172 (2012)
- Lee, L. X. H., "New East Asian economic development: the interaction of capitalism and socialism: the interaction of capitalism and socialism" (2016), Routledge
- 이한우, "베트남은 동아시아 발전국가를 따르는가?: 30년 개혁과정의 ‘발전 모델’ 고찰", 동남아시아연구, 26(3), pp.51~90 (2016), 한국동남아학회[DOI]
- Leftwich, A., "Developmental states, effective states and poverty reduction" (2008)
- Mascarenhas, R., "Comparative political economy of East and South Asia: a critique of development policy and management" (1999), Springer
- Paul, K., "The myth of Asia's miracle", Foreign Affairs, 73(6), pp.62~78 (1994)
- Myrdal, G., "Asian drama: an inquiry into the poverty of nations. Volume I" (1968), Random House
- Myrdal, G., "Asian drama: an inquiry into the poverty of nations. Volume II" (1968), Random House
- Quah, J. S., "Corruption in Asian countries: can it be minimized?", Public Administration Review, pp.483~494 (1999)
- The World Bank, "An update on Vietnam's recent economic developments", 1~29 (2016)
- "World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files" (2019)[URL]
- "Vietnam Communist Party Congress XII. (Oct. 2016). Document of the VCP Congress XII" (2016), National Political Publisher
- "Documentary system of the Party. The fourth national party congress"[URL]