태국어 ทำ과 ให้의 결합 관계 연구

Abstract

This study analyzes the combinational relationship of /tham/ and /haj/ which are a part of Thai multifunctional words. The two verbs, multifunctional words, offer diverse functions and meanings according to the attributes of combined sentence components, and the direct combination of /tham/ and /haj/ offers various meanings of causative verbs. The findings of this study are outlined below. /tham/ in Thai, if functioning as a general verb, combines a substantive noun to mean “make.” It, combining with a substantive noun, serves as a verb for special situations. If combined with a non-substantive noun, it functions as a light verb. If /tham/ takes a clause as a complement, it will create a causative sentence, meaning a direct causative verb and a non-causative-verb-prone causative verb. /haj/ also has diverse functions, and if it takes two noun phrases, it functions as a double object and verb, and if it appears after a principal verb, complementing the meaning thereof, it functions as a sub-verb. If /haj/ takes a clause as a complement, it means a causative verb, meaning an indirect causative verb and an intentional causative verb, and limiting both the actor of the causative verb and the passive actor thereof to people only. If /tham/ and /haj/ are directly connected, /tham/ serves as a causative verb, and /haj/ serves as a complementizer which induces the complement clause of /tham/. At this time, /tham/ and /haj/ should be directly connected without other grammatical elements being involved. The causative verb expression of such/ thamhaj/ combination has no special limitations. It is very important to learn Thai to understand various linguistic expressions through the combination of /tham/ and /haj/. For this reason, /tham/ and haj are basic words with diverse meanings and functions, and are used highly frequently in daily life.