Les processus de patrimonialisation culturelle et muséale au Gabon -Etat des lieux et Enjeux-
Cultural and museum h eritagization p rocesses in G ab on －Inventory and Challenges-
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This study aims at making a general assessment of processes of heritagization in Gabon from the precolonial era until the end of the 20th century. The late realization of heritagization processes in Gabon requires to investigate their nature. Indeed, the West and the former colonizer France do not hold a monopoly on conservation practices and cultural transmission. In spite of this, it should be stressed that the heritagization trends that we can still witness today have a double characteristic: they were imposed by external actors and they led to the deterritorialization of Gabon’s cultural heritage towards Europe. This research also points out that on top of an artefact drain, Gabon did not have proper museum infrastructures during the colonial era. The conclusions of this article show that Gabon favored cultural heritagization over natural heritagization. Besides, the post-independence era was no less problematic inasmuch as Gabon relied on the ethnographic frameworks transmitted by France and transposed them to recreate a fictional national identity.
Abstract
This study aims at making a general assessment of processes of heritagization in Gabon from the precolonial era until the end of the 20th century. The late realization of heritagization processes in Gabon requires to investigate their nature. Indeed, the West and the former colonizer France do not hold a monopoly on conservation practices and cultural transmission. In spite of this, it should be stressed that the heritagization trends that we can still witness today have a double characteristic: they were imposed by external actors and they led to the deterritorialization of Gabon’s cultural heritage towards Europe. This research also points out that on top of an artefact drain, Gabon did not have proper museum infrastructures during the colonial era. The conclusions of this article show that Gabon favored cultural heritagization over natural heritagization. Besides, the post-independence era was no less problematic inasmuch as Gabon relied on the ethnographic frameworks transmitted by France and transposed them to recreate a fictional national identity.
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