거울뉴런체계는 예술에 대한 이해의 해명에 어떻게 기여하는가?
What Does the Mirror Neuron System Reveal about Our Understanding of Fine Arts?
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이 글은 예술에 대한 우리의 이해에 거울뉴런체계가 어떤 기여를 어떻게 하는지 제안한다. 이를 위해 먼저 거울뉴런이 무엇인지 간략하게 설명하고, 거울반응이 예술감상에 개입될 수 있는 층위와 각각의 층위에서 거울반응이 이루어지는 방식을 살펴본다. 예술 감상에서 일어나는 거울반응은 감상자에게 일어난 신경적 활성화가 감상자 안에 머무는 경우와 다른 대상에 귀속되는 경우로 나누어 고찰되는데, 후자의 경우는 감상자에게 초래된 신경적 활성화가 귀속되는 대상의 유형에 따라 3가지로 나누어 논의된다. 이후 거울뉴런이 예술에 대한 어떤 이해에 어떻게 기여하는지에 관한 필자의 견해가 제시되는데, 거울뉴런이 기여하는 이해란 어떤 것인지에 대한 일반적인 수준에서의 논의가 먼저 소개된 후 다양한 예술장르에 대한 이해에 거울뉴런이 기여하는 바가 무엇인지에 대한 필자의 견해가 제시된다. 이러한 논의는 거울반응에 의한 설명이 예술작품에 대한 감상자의 이해 기제를 밝혀 줄 뿐만 아니라 예술작품의 형식적, 표현적 속성의 정체성, 그리고 예술작품과 감상자 사이의 관계에 대한 기존의 이해 역시 획기적으로 바꾸어놓음을 보여 준다.
Abstract
In this paper, I provide suggestions on the contribution that the mirror neuron system may have on our understanding of fine arts and in what way. For this purpose, I first briefly introduce what mirror neurons, and then examine the levels and the ways in which mirror responses are involved in the appreciation of fine arts. Afterwards, I introduce the general discussion on the understanding mirror neurons and then present my thoughts about what contribution the mirror neuron system may make towards our understanding of fine arts. I argue that the mirror neuron system enables the embodied understanding of the formal and the expressive properties, as well as the narrative contents of artworks. Also, I argue that the mirror neuron system encourages us to change our perspective on the identity of the formal and the expressive properties of artworks along with the relationship between artworks and appreciators.
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