재미한인가족 내 부모의 학습관여행동의 양상과 청소년기 자녀의 학업발달에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
The Effect of the Parental Involvement on the Children's Educational Achievement in the Korean American Family
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본 연구는 재미한인부모들의 학습관여행동의 다양한 양상(부모기대, 부모와 자녀사이의 의사소통, 부모의 훈육방법, 부모의 학교접촉)을 고찰하고, 부모의 학습관여행동이 자녀의 학업성취에 어떠한 효과를 갖는가를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구는 미국 로스앤젤레스와 그 근교에 거주하는 재미 한인 가정 중 8학년에 재학 중인 자녀를 둔 가족을 중심으로 진행되었다. 연구대상은 8학년에 재학중인 12-13세 재미한인 학생 312명과 그들의 부모들이다. 연구도구는 Keith 등(Keith et al., 1993)의 부모의 학습관여행동 설문지를 재구성하여 사용하였으며, 자료분석은 SPSS WIN 12.0프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, ANOVA, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 재미한인가정 내 부모의 학습관여행동의 각 변수들은 가정환경 변수 중 영어구사력과 밀접한 관련성을 갖고 있었다. 이민 일세 부모들의 영어구사수준이 높을 때, 미국에서 나고 자란 자녀들과 관계형성이 보다 용이하고 친밀해진다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 부모기대, 의사소통, 훈육방법 등 가정 내 부모의 학습관여행동은 자녀의 학업성취에 긍정적 효과를 가지고 있었으나 가정 밖의 학습관여 행동, 즉 부모의 학교접촉은 별다른 효과를 보이지 않았다. 이 같은 결과는 부모의 학습관여행동이 다양한 하위변수로 이루어진 다차원적 개념이라는 것을 시사한다.
Abstract
As opposed to the unidimensional construct, this study seeks to evaluate the usefulness of the multidimensional framework for the analysis of parental involvement with respect to the Korean immigrant family in the US. The four components of parental involvement considered were ‘parental academic aspirations on children’, ‘communication with children’, ‘home supervision’, and ‘parents’ participation in school activities’. Parental involvement in the Korean American family is characterized by a very high level of ‘parental aspiration on children’, which indicates Korean American parents still uphold the value of education. It also finds a low level of parents’ participation in school activities. Among measures of parental involvement, ‘parental aspiration’, ‘communication with children’ and ‘home supervision’ have positive effects on children's educational achievement. ‘Parents’ school contact' had no significant impact on children's educational achievement, so it is not a strong indicator of parental involvement to predict children's educational achievement in the Korean American family. This study explains multiple dimensions of parental involvement in the Korean immigrant family by examining how family background influences parental involvement, assessing the effects of different dimensions of parental involvement on the academic achievement of Korean American children.
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