마을교육공동체의 현황과 쟁점
The Current Status and Issues of the Village Education Community
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초록
교육이란 학교를 통한 지식전달이나 전문기술 습득이라고 간주하던 지난 세기와 달리, 현대사회의 교육 패러다임은 변화하고 있다. 학교와 교육이 일체 관계가 아니며, 교육이란 단순한 지식 전달 이상의 우리의 일상적 존재 방식에 대한 합의와 배움으로 전환되는 것이다. 본 연구는 마을교육공동체가 가지는 이러한 교육 의미의 확장성을 바탕으로, 현재 전국적으로 진행되는 마을교육공동체의 다양한 예시를 통해 현황과 쟁점을 살펴보고 발전방안을 모색하였다. 이를 위해 마을교육공동체를 교육과정적 접근, 경제적 접근, 문화예술적 접근, 진로직업적 접근 등으로 유형화한 다음, 그 유형별 특성을 도출하였다. 또 마을교육공동체가 갖는 의미를 마을과 교육으로 나누어 살핀 후, 공동체성에 대한 경험, 교육의 기회균등, 실생활 역량 양성 등 세 가지 관점으로 가치를 논하였다. 이후 발전방안으로는 일정 수준 질 관리를 위한 제도적 지원, 의사결정을 위한 협력적 거버넌스 구축, 오늘날 사회 환경에 발맞춘 온·오프라인 결합, 2015 개정 교육과정의 고교학점제와의 연계 등을 제안하였다.
Abstract
Unlike the last century, when education was regarded as knowledge transfer or expertise acquisition through schools, the modern times‘ paradigm of education is changing. Education is not an integral part of school, but is a transition to consensus and learning about our way of everyday existence, much more than just knowledge transfer. Based on the extensibility of this educational meaning of the village education community, this study examined the current status and issues through various examples of the village education community that is currently being conducted nationwide and sought development measures. To this end, the village education community was transformed into an educational, economic, cultural and artistic, career and professional approach, and the characteristics of each type were derived. In addition, the meaning of the village education community was divided into villages and education, and the value was discussed from three perspectives: experience in community, equal opportunity for education, and training of real-life capabilities. Subsequent development plans were proposed to provide institutional support for quality control at a certain level, to establish cooperative governance for decision-making, to combine on- and off-line with today's social environment, and to link the 2015 revised curriculum's high school credit system.
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