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조직자원, 동적역량과 경쟁우위 간 관계 연구 -동적역량의 매개효과를 중심으로-

Organisational Resources, Dynamic Capabilities and Competitive Advantage : The mediating role of Dynamic Capabilities

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주제분류경영학

초록

동적역량(Dynamic capabilities)은 급격한 시장환경 변화에 대응하여 지속적인 경쟁우위를 확보할수 있는 능력으로 벤처기업, 기업가정신 및 혁신 연구에서 주목받아왔다. 본 연구는 동적역량관점에서 조직자원(최고경영팀의 혁신의지, 인적자원관리, 정보화 시스템, 조직문화)이 동적역량의 선행요인으로 작용하는지 밝히고자 한다. 특히, 프로세스 측면에서 동적역량이 조직자원과 기업 경쟁우위 간 관계를 매개하는 역할을 수행하는지 파악하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 대구지역 제조업 기업을대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 389개 기업의 설문결과를 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과, 첫째, 조직자원 가운데 최고경영팀의 혁신의지, 정보화 시스템 및 조직문화가 동적역량을 높이는데 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 이들 조직자원들은 기업의 경쟁우위와 지속가능한 성장을 위해 요구되는 동력역량의 주요한 선행요인이라 할 수 있다. 둘째, 동적역량은 최고경영팀의혁신의지, 조직문화와 경쟁우위 간 관계에서 유의적인 매개역할을 수행하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성장 프로세스 측면에서 특히 최고경영팀의 혁신의지와 조직문화는 중요한 자원이 될 수 있고, 이러한 자원들이 동적역량을 통해 기업의 경쟁우위를 강화시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다. 결론에서는연구결과와 시사점, 그리고 연구의 한계점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

Dynamic Capabilities that can secure firms’competitive advantage in dynamic product market competitive have recently been paid attention to in academic arenas of business venture, entrepreneurship and innovation. Based on insights from the dynamic capabilities literature, this paper aims to shed light on whether organisational resources (top management team, human resource management, management information system, culture) operate as the antecedents of dynamic capabilities. Particularly, it focuses on whether dynamic capabilities play a mediating role in the relationship between organisational resources and competitive advantage. In doing a empirical examination, the authors statistically analysed data collected from a sample of manufacturing firms in the Daegu region. The results were as followed. First, the innovative will of top management team’s willingness to innovate, information system and learning oriented organisational culture have statistically positive impacts on dynamic capabilities. Second, dynamic capabilities have mediation effects on the relationships between top management team’s willingness to innovate, organisational culture and competitive advantage. The findings indicate that dynamic capabilities positively relate to the resource configurations, which continue to open market chances and strengthen firms’ competence in rapidly changing environment. In conclusion, we discussed the theoretical and practical implications and limitations.

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