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동적역량의 결정요인과 경쟁우위 및 해외시장성과와의 관계

Determinants of Dynamic Capability and Its Relationships with Competitive Advantage and Performance in Foreign Markets

이철|허영호
한국국제경영학회 (Korean Academy of International Business)|2012.03|국제경영연구 (International Business Journal)|제23권 제1호|pp. 33-73

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참고문헌

키워드

자원resourcesoverseas performance경쟁우위기업가 지향성entrepreneurial orientation동적 역량competitive advantagedynamic capability해외시장성과조직구조의 유기성차별화우위비용우위organicity of the organizationdifferentiation advantagecost advantage.
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 한국의 수출 제조기업을 대상으로 동적역량의 결정요인과 동적역량의 경쟁우위 및 해외시장성과와의 관계를 연구하였다. 본 연구를 위해 대한상공회의소 코참비즈에 등록된 4182개의 중소 수출 제조기업을 대상으로 설문 조사를 하였으며, 최종적으로 386개의 기업 자료를 대상으로 Warp PLS(Partial Least Square) 1.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 구체적인 연구결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 본 연구는 동적역량에 영향을 미치는 주요한 요소를 기업가 지향성(혁신성, 적극적 행동성, 위험감수성), 자원(재무적 자원, 물리적 자원, 인적 자원), 조직구조의 유기성으로 가정하였으며, 분석 결과 기업가 지향성의 적극적 행동성만을 제외하고 모든 요인들이 동적역량에 통계적으로 유의한 정의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 본 연구는 동적역량이 해외시장에서의 경쟁우위(차별화우위, 비용우위)에 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 가정하였으며, 분석 결과 동적 역량이 차별화우위에만 유의한 정(+)의 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 본 연구는 해외시장에서의 경쟁우위(차별화우위, 비용우위)가 해외시장에서 성과에 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 가정을 하였으나 실제 결과는 경쟁우위 중 차별화우위만 성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 동적역량의 결정요인부터 해외시장의 성과에 이르기까지의 과정을 종합적으로 살펴보았다는 점에서 동적 역량 이론의 발전에 기여한다고 본다. 또한 본 연구가 해외시장에서의 경쟁우위와 성과를 높이기 위해 동적역량을 강화할 필요가 있다는 것을 보여준다는 점에서 수출 기업의 경영에 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

Abstract

Determinants of Dynamic Capability and Its Relationships with Competitive Advantage and Performance in Foreign Markets Youngho Huh․Chol Lee Abstract This study aims to identify determinants of dynamic capabilities and analyze their relationships with competitive advantages and business performance of Korean firms exporting to foreign markets. The Warp PLS 1.0 is used to analyze 386 small and medium Korean exporting firms. The results of this study are as follows. First, innovativeness and risk-taking of entrepreneurial orientation, resources (financial resources, physical resources and human resources), and organicity of the organization have statistically significant positive influences on the dynamic capabilities of the exporting firms. Second, dynamic capabilities have statistically significant positive influences only on the differentiation advantage of the firms and not on the cost- leadership advantage. Third, the differentiation advantage is found to have statistically significant positive influences on business performance in overseas markets, while the cost-leadership advantage is not found so. Finally it is suggested that exporting firms should strengthen dynamic capabilities in order to enhance competitive advantages and performance in overseas markets.

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