Evaluation Model of Transportation Sustainability by City Type in Korea
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Korean government has highly recognized the importance of various international agreements dealing with climate change and attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emission since the early 1990s. As part of the solution, the Korean government enacted the Sustainable Transportation and Logistics Development Act. The law prescribed transportation sustainability indicators that must be established and nationwide transportation sustainability of all cities must be evaluated on a regular basis. The purpose of this study is to suggest improvements to the Sustainable Transportation and Logistics Development Act in operation and include the following specific aspects. First, each city should be classified according to its characteristics because of diversified history and development processes. Thereby, we should compare and evaluate transportation sustainability and relative position among similar cities. Second, if the purpose of evaluating and managing transportation sustainability is to improve it, it is important to maximize its effectiveness. Lastly, the study seeks to improve transportation sustainability by diagnosing the current state of cities and predicting their future. The research findings can be summarized as follows: First, transportation sustainability evaluation is more meaningful in analyzing and suggesting alternatives when it targeting not all cities collectively but rather by categorized groups. Additionally, it was found that it is useless to divide cities into sprawl and compact types in the same group, which infers that city type can be determined depending on whether it is developed or still developing. Lastly, based on the results, the presumption that a compact city is sustainable and developing a city in a compact way can improve its sustainability in terms of transportation is deferred until further research is conducted. In short, it is necessary to closely examine the evaluation period, method, statistics, and serial data because categorizing cities with only a few factors, variables and statistical data leads to misleading results. As of now, grouping cities is more meaningful because a city is an entity which is alive and progressive.
Abstract
Korean government has highly recognized the importance of various international agreements dealing with climate change and attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emission since the early 1990s. As part of the solution, the Korean government enacted the Sustainable Transportation and Logistics Development Act. The law prescribed transportation sustainability indicators that must be established and nationwide transportation sustainability of all cities must be evaluated on a regular basis. The purpose of this study is to suggest improvements to the Sustainable Transportation and Logistics Development Act in operation and include the following specific aspects. First, each city should be classified according to its characteristics because of diversified history and development processes. Thereby, we should compare and evaluate transportation sustainability and relative position among similar cities. Second, if the purpose of evaluating and managing transportation sustainability is to improve it, it is important to maximize its effectiveness. Lastly, the study seeks to improve transportation sustainability by diagnosing the current state of cities and predicting their future. The research findings can be summarized as follows: First, transportation sustainability evaluation is more meaningful in analyzing and suggesting alternatives when it targeting not all cities collectively but rather by categorized groups. Additionally, it was found that it is useless to divide cities into sprawl and compact types in the same group, which infers that city type can be determined depending on whether it is developed or still developing. Lastly, based on the results, the presumption that a compact city is sustainable and developing a city in a compact way can improve its sustainability in terms of transportation is deferred until further research is conducted. In short, it is necessary to closely examine the evaluation period, method, statistics, and serial data because categorizing cities with only a few factors, variables and statistical data leads to misleading results. As of now, grouping cities is more meaningful because a city is an entity which is alive and progressive.
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