운수업조사 마이크로데이터를 이용한 물류산업의 양극화수준 실증분석

Abstract

The logistics industry is composed of an absolute majority of small and medium enterprises, which has faced constant conflict among various market participants. The logistics crisis that Korea experienced in 2003 is a typical instance, and such a conflict is considered as the product of the polarization phenomenon in logistics market. Nevertheless, little analysis and research had been devoted so far to the polarization in the logistics industry in Korea. This study analyzed the level of polarization of the logistics industry in a comprehensive approach assuming that the operation of its industrial ecosystem depends on the level of polarization. The analyses were carried out to the twelve disaggregate logistics business units using the micro-level dataset of Statistics Korea’s Transportation Survey. This study analyzed the polarization level of logistics industry in two terms. One is based on deciles distribution ratio, and the other is based on the performance gap between different sized logistics companies in terms of their productivity and profitability. The results revealed that the polarization of the logistics industry is at a serious level compared to that of other industries. This study concluded with several policy directions: a paradigm shift to adopt a new industrial policy centered on the small- and medium-sized logistics companies, industrial restructuring of trucking business, enhancement of the sustainability of self-employed logistics service providers, etc.