酒呑童子說話の中の藤原保昌に関する一考察

Abstract

Shutendoji(酒呑童子) tale is a representative tale of monster eradication whichwas made from the late Kamakura period to Muromachi period. Main charactersare Minamoto no Yorimitsu(源頼光) and his subordinate, Shitenno(四天王),Fujiwara no Yasumasa(藤原保昌). But, as times went by, the importance ofYasumasa was gradually reduced. In『Oeyama Emaki(大江山絵詞)』, Yasumasa played as important role asYorimitsu did. However, in『Otogizoshishu(御伽草子集)』「Shutendōji(酒呑童子)」of the 17th century, his importance was greatly reduced and he was treatedas a subordinate of Yorimitsu. Also, in『Senjyogatake Shutendoji Yurai(大江山千丈ヶ嶽酒呑童子由来)』of the 19th century, a new role as a guide was given tohim. Yasumasa was originated from Fujiwara collateral family and got along withfamous poets at his time through working for Sekkanke. He seems to have belongedto warrior class and have enjoyed a great fame as a poet, but he's considered tohave limitations of origin. In other tales similar to Shutendoji, main characterscontinued the blood of royal family or brought famous subordinates. Yorimitsu hadthose qualifications, but Yasumasa is considered to have insufficient qualificationsand environments that monster eradication tales must have. He has sufficient couragesand talents for the position of tale's hero, but he was expelled from the positionof hero because of the blood, family relations and surrounding characters. But, itwas not expelled completely due to the character image established already.