어휘등급에 의한 한일 차용어 분류에 대한 유효성 검토

Abstract

In this article, we consider the validity of the vocabulary-based classification of Japanese and Korean borrowings, consisting of the group where similarities are observed between the two languages and the groups where differences are detected at more than two levels. We claim that the classification is relatively valid based on the analysis of diachronic developments, the meanings of style and usage, and characteristics in terms of etymologies, stylistic characteristics, and the part of speech. Our findings are summed up as follows. 1. Etymology: Japan-made kanji words account for most of the expressions in Group 2, where the vocabulary level of Japanese is high, and Chinese words account for most of the expressions in Group 3, where the vocabulary level of Korean is high. In Group 1, where similarities between Japanese and Korean are detected, the ratio of Chinese words and Japan-made kanji words varies depending on the vocabulary level. 2. Stylistic characteristics: Group 1 and Group 2 contain a number of borrowings which are frequently used in discourse and conversation, whereas the borrowings in Group 3 have the flavor of formal discourse. 3. Part of speech: Group 2 contains a number of typical nouns irrespective of their etymologies. In contrast, Group 3 is more heterogeneous in terms of the part of speech depending on etymologies; Japan-made kanji words tend to be typical nouns, while Chinese words tend to be verbal nouns.