日本の小学校学習指導要領国語科における敬語指導の一考察 - 平成20年告示と平成29年告示を中心に -

Abstract

Although honorifics can be learned by seeing and hearing them in daily life, the basic knowledge can be acquired more effectively through a systematic study in school education. The “Guidelines for Honorifics (Report)” also emphasizes the necessity of honorific education in school education. From this perspective, this paper examines the best method for teaching honorifics using the “Elementary School Japanese Curriculum Guidelines” published in 2008 and 2017. Specifically, we analyzed how honorific education items are structured in each grade in elementary school Japanese language classes. According to the analysis in this paper, honorific education in elementary schools focuses on the purpose of smoothing interpersonal relationships and enriching daily language life by using words appropriately depending on the audience and the occasion. When honorifics are taught, students will start by noticing the difference between polite and ordinary words, gradually get used to different words, and finally be able to speak in an appropriate way depending on the occasion. In other words, it is important to teach honorifics in stages according to the grade, to teach them repeatedly, and to teach students to use honorifics appropriately.