韓国語「대화」に対応する日本語表現 - HUFS-KJBPCを活用した計量的分析 -

This study investigates the conceptual and pragmatic distinctions between the Korean lexical set DAEHWA and the Japanese equivalents KAIWA and TAIWA. While HOEHWA in Korean primarily denotes 'foreign language conversation,' DAEHWA serves as a broader superordinate concept encompassing general verbal interaction. In contrast, Japanese reveals a marked functional differentiation: KAIWA typically refers to private, informal, and relationship -oriented communication, whereas TAIWA designates formal, public, and goal -directed discourse. To substantiate this distinction, the study conducted both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Dictionary definitions, academic discussions, and monolingual corpus data were first examined, followed by a large-scale parallel corpus analysis using the HUFS Korean–Japanese Bidirectional Parallel Corpus (HUFS-KJBPC ver.2). The results show that when the Korean DAEHWA (HADA) is translated into Japanese, the functional differentiation between KAIWA(SURU) and TAIWA(SURU) systematically governs lexical choice. KAIWA(SURU) is significantly favored in spoken contexts to express everyday interaction, while TAIWA(SURU) predominates in written and institutional texts reflecting professionalism and intentionality. Moreover, domain-specific tendencies were observed—for instance, TAIWA(SURU) appears more frequently in socially oriented fields such as welfare and public policy, whereas KAIWA(SURU) is more common in personal or medical contexts. This study highlights the asymmetry between the Korean and Japanese lexical systems, demonstrating that translation equivalence is not arbitrary but systematically constrained by factors such as discourse mode and domain, thereby offering new empirical insight into cross-linguistic pragmatics and lexical semantics.