전후 <무뢰파> 문학의 청년상 재검토 - 초기 세대 담론과의 교차점에서 -
A Reconsideration of Youth Representations in Postwar Buraiha Literature
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本稿は、戦後の日本文学に描かれた〈青年像〉を、同時代の世代論的言説の視点から再考しようとする試みである。戦争からの敗北という歴史的転換点を文学史的に開示するうえで、終戦直後の日本における「世代」言説はきわめて重要な主題の一つである。本研究では、特にこの時期に注目を集めた〈無頼派〉文学における人間像、なかでも青年像に焦点を当て、彼らの文学の初期世代論に対して持つ批評性を考察する。従来、〈無頼派〉文学に関する議論は、おおむね彼らの作品に反映されたデカダンスやエロティシズムの意義を解明することを目指してきた。しかし本稿では、〈無頼派〉文学における青年像が、戦後という運命共同体の崩壊後に分裂した世代言説に対する批評および代替の役割を果たしていることを明らかにする。世代間の断絶という視座を超え、〈無頼派〉文学が志向した断絶の時代における特殊性と普遍性の内実を追究したいと思う。
Abstract
This paper aims to re-examine the representation of youth in postwar Japanese literature, particularly through the lens of contemporary discourse on generations. One of the most critical frameworks for understanding the historical rupture brought about by Japan’s defeat in World War II is the emergence of generational discourse in the immediate postwar period. Focusing on the human figures portrayed in the so-called Buraiha (“Decadent School”) literature, which gained significant popularity during this time, this study investigates how youth figures were constructed and how they reflect—or resist—the assumptions of early postwar generational narratives. While previous scholarship has tended to emphasize the Buraiha's engagement with decadence and eroticism, this paper argues that their portrayal of youth also functions as a critique of, and an alternative to, the fragmented generational discourse that arose following the collapse of the wartime communal ethos. By moving beyond the binary divisions between generations, this study seeks to reassess the Buraiha writers’ literary interventions in the context of a disjointed historical moment, highlighting both the specificity and the broader relevance of their contributions.