신라 중대의 의례 수용과 운영

Abstract

Rites operated on various religious levels in ancient Korean societies. The maintenance of order through shamanistic rites, or confirmation of power through Buddhist rites after acceptance of Buddhism is an example of the operation. Rites played major role in justifying the power of the ruling class by connoting political meaning as well as religious meaning. Furthermore, rites operated for monopolizing and strengthening king's power within the ruling class. In particular, the Three Kingdoms accepted various culture and institutions, which can support the national system that places king at the pinnacle of power, institutionally or ideologically through relations with China and settled them depending on the conditions of each country. In the case of Silla, promulgation of the Yulryeong(律令) and the acquirement of the Confucianism that supports it are the examples. This article focuses on the beginning of the New Year's Greetings(賀正禮) implemented during the Queen Jindeok's reign. It was an important starting point for visibly presenting the vertical relationship between king and vassal, central and local in accordance with the rules of Confucian rites by actively accepting the system of Tang. This article also paid attention to an official in charge of rites including the Yebu, an official for performing and operating rites. In particular, the system of Yebu was completed through the reign of King Jinpyeong to King Munmu, and it operated similar function as that of Sui or Tang. The function of Yebu of Tang was centered on rites, sacrificial rites, and selection, and that of Silla was not much different. In case of Tang, Sabu which was belonged to Yebu was in charge of sacrificial rites, water clock, and duties concerning Buddhism and Taoism. However, in case of Silla, Jeonsaseo was responsible only for sacrificial rites, Daedoseo was set by separating Buddhism-related matters, and the work related to the water clock was organized for independent official which was not belonged to Yebu. Gukjagam was belonged to Yebu in Silla, whereas it was an independent official in Tang, and this shows a different status from that of Tang. In particular, the fact that national rite system of Silla differs from Tang also shows that the actual operation aspect was different from Tang. This article consequently shows that while the Gukhak, which is responsible for the education of the Confucian scriptures of Silla, was under Yebu and it expressed its operation based on the Confucian rule of rite, but the actual operation had to be operated by a system in which Buddhist rites coexisted with the rite system based on existing indigenous religions.