언어 접촉과 북방 관화 피동표지의 발전
Language Contact and the Evolution of Passive in Mandarin Chinese
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There are several passive marker in mandarin chinese, in which the ‘bei’ marker is the major one. In fact, ‘jiao’, ‘rang’, and ‘gei’ are all function words with passive sense, but they differ etymologically. ‘bei’ was gradually functionalized from the verb receive, while ‘jiao’ and ‘rang’ derived their passive sense respectively from causative sense, and ‘gei’ derived their passive sense from give sense. Moreover they have different change in various historical periods. Only by using the method that the combination of internal and external causes can make a reasonable explanation for those change of passive within a period of history. This article discusses on the development of passive ‘jiao’ from the aspect of language contact. The contact between Chinese and Altaic language is immediate cause during the evolution of ‘iiao' in modern chinese.
Abstract
There are several passive marker in mandarin chinese, in which the ‘bei’ marker is the major one. In fact, ‘jiao’, ‘rang’, and ‘gei’ are all function words with passive sense, but they differ etymologically. ‘bei’ was gradually functionalized from the verb receive, while ‘jiao’ and ‘rang’ derived their passive sense respectively from causative sense, and ‘gei’ derived their passive sense from give sense. Moreover they have different change in various historical periods. Only by using the method that the combination of internal and external causes can make a reasonable explanation for those change of passive within a period of history. This article discusses on the development of passive ‘jiao’ from the aspect of language contact. The contact between Chinese and Altaic language is immediate cause during the evolution of ‘iiao' in modern chinese.
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