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근로자 언로가 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 개인주의-집단주의 조절효과 -

The Effects of Employee Voice and Individualism-collectivism on Organizational Citizenship Behavior

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키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

조직행동연구에서 집단주의와 조직시민행동 간의 관계에 대해 많이 다루어진 데 비해, 상대적으로 근로자 언로와 조직시민 행동 간의 관계에 대한 연구는 이루어 지지 않았다. 따라서 이 연구는 조직에의 비공식적 기여(informal contribution)와 조직성과와의 관계성을 설명하기 위해 도입된 조직시민행동(organizational citizenship behavior)과 상향적 근로자 언로(voice), 수평적 근로자 언로와의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이들 간의 직접적 주 효과와 조절효과 변수인 개인주의-집단주의가 조직시민행동에 미치는 직접효과와 근로자 언로와 조직시민행동과의 관계에서 특성 활성화 이론을 접목하여 조절효과를 살펴보기 위한 연구모형과 가설을 설정하였다. 이에 대한 실증분석을 위해 완성차 부품제조협력업체 생산직 근로자 대상 자기응답식 설문지 306부가 최종적으로 활용되었다. 실증분석 결과 근로자 수평적 언로는 조직시민행동에 직접적으로 유의한 정(+)적 관계로, 개인주의-집단주의에서 개인주의 경향은 조직시민행동과의 관계에서는 부(-)적 관계로 나타났고, 근로자 상향적 언로는 조직시민행동과 유의한 영향관계가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 근로자 언로와 개인주의 상호작용 효과에서는 수평적 근로자 언로만이 유의한 영향관계를 보여 주었다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 구성원 간의 수평적 언로가 활성화 될수록, 개인주의 보다는 집단주의 성향이 강할수록 조직에 긍정적인 자발적 활동 및 건강한 역할 외 행동도 증가한다는 것을 보여 주었다. 또한 구성원의 개인주의 특성은 수평적 근로자 언로가 높을 경우 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향력이 상쇄되는 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 조직시민행동의 변수의 범위가 협소하고 제조업 근로자 대상으로 이루어졌다는 점이 이 연구의 한계점으로 작용하고 있다.

Abstract

This study investigated the direct effect of organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) on the relationship, employee voice, and who differed on the individualism-collectivism(IC) cultural value dimension. And Individualism orientation was tested as a moderator the relationship between OCB and employee voice. Data were collected from workers of factory which supply automobile parts to automobile manufactures in Korea. 306 questionnaires are used to study in this article. Result of analyses in direct effect showed that horizontal employee voice were positively related to OCB and IC was negatively related to OCB. We found significant interaction effect between horizontal employee voice and IC on OCB. This result provides when the level of IC is considered ias being low, this situation acts as a strong factor in washing out the effects of individual traits.

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