아시아 패러독스(Asia Paradox)를 넘어서: 경제적 상호의존과 제도화의 관계에 대한 비판적 검토
Beyond Asia Paradox: A Critical Review of the Relationship between Economic Interdependence and Institutionalization
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이 연구는 동아시아의 경제적 상호의존이 지역주의의 제도화 및 지역 평화(또는 분쟁)에 미치는 영향을 자유주의이론에 대한 비판적 관점에서 고찰하는 데 목적이 있다. 첫째, 동아시아의 경제적 상호의존을 역내 무역과 생산 네트워크에 기반한 네트워크 무역의 관점에서 볼 때, 역내 국가 간 경제적 상호의존이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 역내 경제 통합의 지리적 범위가 명확히 설정되어 있지 않을 뿐 아니라, 역외 무역 의존도가 여전히 높은 삼각무역구조가 기본적으로 유지되고 있다는 점에서 동아시아 국가 간 경제적 상호의존은 양면성을 띠고 있다. 둘째, 동아시아에서 제도의 형성은 경제적 상호의존을 직접적으로 반영하기보다는 외부 환경 변화에 대한 반응, 기능적 협력의 필요성 증대, 세력전이에 따른 역내 국가들의 제도적 균형 전략 실행이 복합적으로 작용한 결과로 보인다. 이로 인해 동아시아 지역주의의 제도화는 가변성, 심화, 다층화라는 특징을 갖는다. 셋째, 경제적 상호의존과 제도화가 지역 평화 또는 분쟁에 미치는 영향은 제한적인 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
This study aims to critically examine liberal explanations about the relationship between economic interdependence and institutionalization. First, economic interdependence has steadily increased in East Asia, intra-regional trade and network trade have substantially grown for the last two decades. However, the geographical scope of economic integration is not firmly established. Moreover, triangular trade structure still persists in East Asia, suggesting that East Asia is still dependent on extra-regional countries. Second, institutions in East Asia tend to reflect changes in external environments, heightened demand for functional cooperation, and institutional balancing strategy of major countries in the region in the context of power transition, rather than the degree of economic interdependence. As a result, regional institutions in East Asia show such primary features as institutional fluidity, institutional deepening, and institutional layering. Third, economic interdependence and institutions bring limited effects to peacebuilding in East Asia.
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