현대 중국어 자동사의 타동화 현상과 그 원인고찰

Abstract

Chinese verbs occupy an important position in the study of grammar. Most grammar books divide verbs into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs based on whether they are accompanied by an object. However, among verbs currently named or regarded as intransitive verbs, example sentences accompanying objects are often encountered, and verbs in the form of “动宾 structures” also often accompany objects. Among the verbs named after intransitive verbs in Chinese, such as “出发”、“奔走”、“出差”、“停留”、“到来”, many example sentences with objects have been found in 'CCL's ancient Chinese search. Although there are traces of a place object, it can be considered as an intransitive verb. Currently, the number of intransitive verbs accompanying objects is increasing, indicating that the scope of transitivity in Chinese is expanding. The phenomenon of intransitive verbs accompanying objects has gradually become a common linguistic phenomenon. This paper argues that the phenomenon of intransitive verbs accompanying objects does not arise from any one reason, but rather from the organic combination of various factors, resulting in the phenomenon of intransitive verbs with objects. Among them, it is related to the economic principle or prosodic principle, the fixation and expansion of the “V+N” grammatical format, and the elision of “于”, the lexicalization and fixation of “动宾 structure”. Through these observations, we can prove the fact that language is constantly changing, confirm the transition state in the process of language evolution, and make language predictions. In the future, the number of intransitive verbs accompanying objects will increase.