Which Formulaic Sequences to Teach in EFL Classrooms?: Different Types of Lexical Phrases and Their Impact on Perceived Oral Fluency
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초록
定型的言語表現（FS）の使用は、流暢に話すために役立つため、スピーキングで重要な要素 であると報告されている。多くの研究は、FSが流暢性に与える影響を量的に研究している。 そのような研究では、FSの頻度が流暢性に与える影響に焦点が当てられている。しかし、ど のような種類のFSが流暢性に最も関係しているかという質的な問題については、あまり注目 されてきていない。本研究では、レキシカル・フレイズ（lexical phrase）と呼ばれるFSのサ ブカテゴリーに焦点を当て、流暢性に特に影響を与えるlexical phrasesについて報告する。デ ータは日本のEFL大学生34人から収集した。協力者は毎週5週間、短い文章を読み、それを 口頭で要約した。また、要約を上達させるためlexical phrasesをどのように使えばよいかをレ クチャーした。その結果、流暢さの向上に最も貢献したのは、センテンス・ビルダー （sentence builder）の形で使用されるロジカル・コネクター（logical connector）や沈黙を埋 めるために使われるfluency deviceの使用であることがわかった。本研究は、FL教室において 、流暢性に最も貢献する特定のlexical phrasesを教えることの重要性を示唆する。
Abstract
The use of formulaic sequences (FSs) is reported to be an important factor in oral production as it helps speakers come across as fluent. Many studies have looked at the impact of FSs on fluency from a quantitative angle. Such studies focus upon the impact of the frequency of FSs upon fluency. However, less attention has been paid to the qualitative question of which kinds of FSs have particular salience in speaker fluency. In this study, I focus on a sub-category of FS called lexical phrases and report on how some of these have a greater effect on fluency than others. Data were collected from 34 EFL university students in Japan. Every week for five weeks they were asked to read a short passage and summarize it orally. They were also given a lecture on how they could use lexical phrases to improve their summaries. The results showed that it was the use of certain types of lexical phrases such as logical connectors and fluency devices in the form of sentence builders that were most salient in contributing to fluency. The study highlights the importance of teaching certain lexical phrases that contribute most to fluency in FL classrooms.
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