동맹과 공동체 사이의 일본 -21세기 권력이동과 재균형의 모색-
Japan Between Alliance and Community : The Twenty-first Century Power Shift and Rebalancing
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이 글은 21세기 일본의 동맹전략을 분석한다. 21세기 일본은 세가지 전략적 도전과 마주하고 있다. 첫째, 미국의 상대적 쇠퇴, 둘째, 중국의 부상, 셋째, 일본경제의 쇠퇴가 그것이다. 이 글은 일본이 이러한 삼중의 고민을 풀기위해 미일동맹의 강화라는 선택을 하는 과정을 분석한다. 그러나 20세기 영일동맹처럼 일본이 21세기 미일동맹만으로는 전략적 이익을 성취할 수 없음을 지적하고 한계 속에서 동맹과 공동체의 재균형, 동맹 내에서의 재균형이란 이중의 재균형을 추진하고 있음을 분석한다.
Abstract
This paper explores how Japan has rebalanced its alliance with the United States during the past decade. It began with the emerging strategic environment of East Asia that highlights China's rise. Then, it introduces three strategic views that emerged in the policy circle as an alternative to the existing foreign policy posture: alliance, autonomy, and balance. Ultimately this paper will demonstrate that neither view is approapriate in dealing with the new challenges. Ultimately, it suggests that Japan should adopt two approaches. First, Japan will need a renewed understanding of the US-Japan alliance transformation. Japanese leaders should recognize that what is needed is not tightening up but transforming the alliance structure into a complex one. Japan can play a valuable role in nonmilitary affairs such as development assistance, environmental protection, transnational crimes, and humanitarian assistance. This soft approach will enhance Japan’s power more effectively than a hard alliance will do. Second, Japan needs a more open and flexible alliance structure. For Asia is rapidly transforming into an increasingly networked region through new cultural links, new business deals, and new bilateral and multilateral diplomatic efforts. They must develop a networked alliance that is scalable: an alliance that recruits new members and link sideways to other forms of groups (i.e., regionalism). Japan should find a way to connect both the United State and Asia.
참고문헌 (55)
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