근대초기 한중일에서의 헌정의 수용양태 비교시론

Abstract

This paper aims to compare the process of establishment of constitutional government in Meiji Japan with that in Chosun Korea and Qing China. The thinkers and reformists in the three countries thought that the constitutionalism would help their countries strong by leading people's loyalty to the state. The three countries' elites agreed on this point. However, the responses on the establishment of cabinet system which would help the earlier introduction of constitutional polity, were very different. In Meiji Japan, no significant resistance occurred against Ito Hirobumi's trial of making cabinet system in 1885 because both of the already polished Bakufu and infant Tenno didn't feel fearful that the new institution would limit their power. On the contrary, the monarchy regimes still reigned over people with power and authority in Chosun and Qing. They were scared that the establishment of cabinet institution led them into puppet regimes. So, the two country's courts kept resisting against introduction of the cabinet system. It is one of reasons that the establishment of constitutional government was delayed and eventually not established in the two countries.