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온라인 학습공동체에서 사회적 실재감이 학습몰입과 학습효과에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Social Presence on Learning Flow and Learning Effects In Online Learning Community

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본 연구에서는 온라인 학습공동체에서 사회적 실재감이 학습몰입과 학습효과에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 사회적 실재감이 학습효과를 예측하는데 있어서 학습몰입이 매개변인으로 작용하는지 규명하고자 하였다. 2009학년도 2학기 A사이버대학에서 개설된 ‘인적자원개발론’ 과목을 수강하는 학생 150명을 대상으로 하였다. 사회적 실재감과 학습몰입, 학습효과 변인인 성취도와 참여도, 만족도를 측정하여, 각 변인들 간의 관계를 검증하기 위해 회귀분석, 공변량 구조분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회적 실재감은 학습몰입을 유의미하게 예측하는 변인이며(ß = .791), 사회적 실재감의 하위요인에서는 상호지원 및 집중(ß = .477)과 개방적 커뮤니케이션(ß = .259) 요인만이 학습몰입을 유의미하게 예측하는 변인임이 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 사회적 실재감은 학습자의 성취도(ß = .435), 참여도(ß = .337), 만족도(ß = .764)를 유의미하게 예측하는 변인으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적 실재감과 학습효과의 관계에서 학습몰입은 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 사회적 실재감은 학습몰입에 직접적으로 영향을 미치기 보다는 학습몰입을 통해서 학습효과에 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구결과는 사회적 실재감을 높이기 위한 방법이나 학습몰입의 효과를 증진시키는 방법에 대해 제시하기 보다는 사회적 실재감이 학습몰입과 학습효과에 영향을 준다는 사실에 초점을 맞추었다. 본 연구는 사회적 실재감과 몰입의 관계, 사회적 실재감과 학습효과와의 관계, 몰입과 학습효과와의 관계를 종합적으로 규명하였다는데 의의가 있다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of social presence on learning flow, learning effects in online learning community and to investigate the mediation effect of learning flow on social presence and learning effects. Data from 150 students who are taking Human resource development subject in the 2nd semester of 2009 at A cyber university were statistically analyzed. These variables were measured by social presence, learning flow, satisfaction, achievement, and participation of learners. The date was analyzed with multiple regression, analysis of covariance structure. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, the results of social presence in online learning community as a variable predicting learning flow proved to be significant(ß = .791), and out of sub-factors of social presence, only mutual support and empathy(ß = .477) and open communication(ß = .259) was a significant variable to predict learning flow. Second, the results of social presence in online learning community as a variable predicting learner's achievement(ß = .435), participation(ß = .337) and satisfaction(ß = .764) proved to be significant. Third, it was proved that learning flow acted as a mediating variable. That is learning effects appeared to affect social presence and learning flow. Therefore, learning effects could be evident when learner's learning flow is high. This study focuses on whether the learner's social presence has an effect on learning flow and learning effects rather than suggesting methods of stimulating the learner's social presence, inducing learning flow. Furthermore, the relationship between social presence and learning flow, social presence and learning effects, and learning flow and learning effects are investigated on the whole.

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