Transcripción fonética alternativa para la comparación de sonidos consonánticos del coreano y español

Abstract

When we compare the pronunciation of certain Korean and Spanish consonnts, the phonetic transcription used does not adequately reflect some different sounds in the two languages. [t] in IPA is applied to the pronunciation of the Spanish letter ‘t’ and the pronunciation of the letter ‘ㄷ’ in Korean. But these sounds are virtually different. This problem is also seen with the phonetic symbols [p], [k] and [ʧ]. [t] de 달 [tal] ≠ [t] de tal [tal], [p] de 바다 [pada] ≠ [p] de pata [páta] [k] de 가다 [kada] ≠ [k] de cada [káða], [ʧ] de 자다 [ʧada] ≠ [ʧ] de chaleco [ʧaléko], etc. Moreover, [t] of Spanish is similar to Korean [t']; Spanish [p] to Korean [p']; Spanish [k] to Korean [k'] and Korean [ʧh] to [ʧ] in Spanish; [t'] de 땀 [t'am] ≑ [t] de tanto [tánto] [p'] de 빨리 [p'aʎi] ≑ [p] de para [páɾa] [k'] de 까다 [k'ada] ≑ [k] de cada [káða], etc. [ʧh] de 차다 [ʧhada] ≑ [ʧ] de chaleco [ʧaléko], etc. In order to face this problem we come up with an alternative by means of the modifying the phonetic symbols of some consonants using diacritics. Thus we propose the following phonetic symbols for Korean (which are presented in the sequence of ‘lenis-fortis-aspirated’ in four natural classes). voiceless bilabial plosive; b (ㅂ) - p (ㅃ) - ph (ㅍ) voiceless velar fricative; g (ㄱ) - k (ㄲ) - kh (ㅋ) voiceless alveolar plosive; d (ㄷ) - t (ㄸ) - th (ㅌ) voiceless (alveolar-)palatal affricate; ʤ̊ (ㅈ) - ʤ̊' (ㅉ) - ʤ̊h (ㅊ) This work will contribute to the learning/teaching situation and will be needed in the field of comparative phonology and phonetics as well.