실시간 온라인 수업에서 대학생의 비디오 사용에 영향을 미치는 변인 연구
A Study on the Variables Affecting Learners’ Video Use in Real-Time Online Classes at University
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초록
본 연구는 화상플랫폼을 활용한 실시간 온라인 수업에서 대학생이 비디오를 켜는 정도에 영향을 미치는 변인 간 관계와 학생들이 비디오를 켜지 않으려는 이유를 탐색하였다. 서울 소재 4년제 A대학에 재학 중인 489명을 대상으로, 학생들이 실시간 온라인 수업에서 비디오를 켜는 데 영향을 주는 개인 변인(인구통계학적 변인, 비디오 사용에 대한 긍정적․부정적 태도, 화상수업 피로도) 및 수업 변인(수업 특성, 교수자 지시 정도, 동료학습자 규범)의 설문 도구를 통해 측정하였다. 자료 분석에는 SPSS 27.0이 사용되었고, 연구 문제 및 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습자가 비디오를 켜는 정도에 인구통계학적 변인과 수업 특성에 따른 집단 간 차이가 어떠한지 살펴보고자 t검정과 일원분산분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 인구통계학적 변인 가운데는 학년과 전공계열의 집단 간 차이가 유의했으며, 수업 특성 중에는 교과구분과 수업시간에 따라 학생들의 비디오 사용 정도에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학습자의 비디오 켜는 정도에 개인 변인 및 수업 변인의 상대적 영향력은 어떠한지 살펴보고자 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 개인 변인보다 수업 변인의 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 동료학습자가 비디오 켜는 비율이 높을수록, 교수자가 비디오를 켜라고 지시할수록, 비디오 사용에 대한 긍정적 태도를 가질수록 비디오를 켜는 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 대학생들이 비디오를 켜지 않으려는 주된 이유들도 조사되었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 실시간 온라인 수업 상황에서 학습자에 대한 이해와 고등교육 맥락에서 이 매체에 부합하는 교수-학습 전략이 논의된다.
Abstract
This study explored variables affecting students’ behavior of turning on or off video in real-time online classes in higher education context. Data were collected through an online survey from 489 students enrolled in four-year university located in Seoul, Korea. We developed a survey questionnaire including two sets of variables: individual variables and instructional variables. The results of the data analyses were as follows: First, t-test and one-way ANOVA were run to identify if the students’demographic variables and class characteristics make any differences in the students’video use. Among the demographic variables, grade and major variables were statistically significant in the students’video use; and class category and duration of class time made the differences as well. Second, the individual and class characteristics variables were entered into the Hierarchical Regression Analysis model to see their relative impacts on students’video use. The result showed that the influence of the class variable was greater than that of the individual variable : the higher the rate of video turn on by peer group, and the instructor’s guidance, and students’positive attitude variables followed in the order. Lastly, the reasons that students were reluctant in showing themselves through video were investigated. These results were discussed with implications for instructional strategies suitable for the real-time online classes in the context of higher education.
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