‘Euro-topia’에서 ‘Magic-topia’로: 아이티혁명과 알레호 카르펜티에르의 탈식민적 유토피아주의
From ‘Euro-topia’ to ‘Magic-topia’: Haitian Revolution and Alejo Carpentier’s Post-colonial Utopianism
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This study offers a re-reading of Alejo Carpentier's El reino de este mundo by focusing on the literary representation of the Haitian Revolution. The novel attempts to see the magic performed by the fugitive slave not as a sign of pre-modern, superstitious practices, rather as a crucial element that composes the Haiti's realities and made this revolution possible. On the one hand, the magic characterized as his metamorphosis into animals plays a symbolic role not only in order to recognize the shared cultural identity among black slaves, but also to organize a counter-hegemonic power against the colonial order. On the other hand, the metamorphosis in this novel is also used allegorically to imagine a new world in the post-colonial Haiti after its independence. While transformed into a bee, ant and goose, the protagonist continuously endeavors to find an ideal space where any type of discrimination and alienation is not allowed. In doing so, Carpentier does not only recognizes the importance of Haitian Revolution marginalized in the Western history, but also takes advantage of it to envision a better future of Latin America. Thus, this novel can be read as one of the trailblazers for utopian literature and thought in the 20th century Latin American.
Abstract
This study offers a re-reading of Alejo Carpentier's El reino de este mundo by focusing on the literary representation of the Haitian Revolution. The novel attempts to see the magic performed by the fugitive slave not as a sign of pre-modern, superstitious practices, rather as a crucial element that composes the Haiti's realities and made this revolution possible. On the one hand, the magic characterized as his metamorphosis into animals plays a symbolic role not only in order to recognize the shared cultural identity among black slaves, but also to organize a counter-hegemonic power against the colonial order. On the other hand, the metamorphosis in this novel is also used allegorically to imagine a new world in the post-colonial Haiti after its independence. While transformed into a bee, ant and goose, the protagonist continuously endeavors to find an ideal space where any type of discrimination and alienation is not allowed. In doing so, Carpentier does not only recognizes the importance of Haitian Revolution marginalized in the Western history, but also takes advantage of it to envision a better future of Latin America. Thus, this novel can be read as one of the trailblazers for utopian literature and thought in the 20th century Latin American.
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