컴퓨터기반 협력학습(CSCL) 연구에서의 인식연결망분석(ENA) 활용 동향 탐색: 체계적 문헌고찰을 적용하여
Epistemic network analysis (ENA) in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research: Insights from a systematic literature review
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
협력학습 과정에서 공유된 지식 구성과 그룹 프로세스를 관찰하기 위해 시간에 따른 연속적 프로세스로 상호작용을 분석하는 접근을 취하는 연구가 증가하고 있다. 인식연결망분석(ENA)은 질적 데이터를 코드화해 네트워크 형태로 시각화하는 분석 기법으로, 온․오프라인 학습에서 수집된 다양한 데이터를 활용해 협력학습을 심층적으로 분석하기 위한 새로운 방법으로 CSCL 연구에서 활발히 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 2015년부터 2024년 6월까지 CSCL 관련 연구에서의 ENA 활용 동향을 체계적으로 고찰하고 연구 방법과 관련된 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국내외에서 발표된 56편의 문헌을 대상으로 선행연구를 통해 도출한 프레임워크를 적용하여 연구목적 및 CSCL 맥락, 수집 데이터, 분석 기법, 주요 지표, 연구결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 최근 5년간 CSCL 맥락에서 ENA를 활용한 연구가 급증하고 있으며, ENA는 협력학습의 전개 과정과 관계 확인, 그룹 또는 조건 간의 비교 목적으로 주로 사용되고 있음을 확인하였다. ENA는 주로 온라인 동시적 학습 상황에서 채팅과 토론 게시판 등의 의사소통 도구를 활용한 담화를 분석하기 위해 활용되었으며, 비동시적 텍스트와 비디오․오디오가 분석 데이터로 다수 사용되었다. 또한 ENA는 단독으로 사용되기보다는 기술통계 및 추론통계 기법 등과 병용되는 경우가 많았고, 그룹 단위의 상호작용 양상을 분석해 인지, 사회적, 조절 전략 등 다양한 요소를 동시에 탐구하는 연구들이 주를 이루었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 협력학습의 복합적 현상을 분석하는 도구로서의 ENA 활용 방안을 제안하고, CSCL 연구에서의 질적 데이터 분석에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
In collaborative learning, recent approaches have increasingly emphasized analyzing interactions as continuous, time-based processes to better understand shared knowledge construction and group dynamics. Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) serves as an analytical method that transforms qualitative data into visual networks, providing a novel approach in CSCL research by enabling in-depth analysis of collaborative learning across various online and offline contexts. This study aims to systematically review the use of ENA in CSCL research from 2015 to June 2024 and to provide implications for methodological approaches. The researchers analyzed trends, data types, analytical techniques, key indicators, and research outcomes using a framework derived from previous studies. The findings revealed a significant rise in ENA-based research in CSCL over the past five years, with ENA primarily used to examine collaborative learning processes, relationships, and comparisons across groups or conditions. ENA was commonly applied in synchronous online learning contexts, often leveraging communication tools such as chat and forum, while also frequently utilizing asynchronous text and audio-visual data. Furthermore, ENA was generally combined with descriptive and inferential statistical methods, rather than being used in isolation, with a focus on group-level interaction patterns that explore cognitive, social, and regulatory strategies. By synthesizing previous research, this study offers valuable insights into the application of ENA in CSCL, offering meaningful implications for researchers aiming to advance the field.
참고문헌 (32)
- 임규연, "국내외 협력학습분석학(Collaboarative Learning Analytics)연구 동향에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰", 교육공학연구, 39(4), pp.1081~1121 (2023)
- 정유진, "대학생의 학습공동체 참여에서 나타나는 자기조절학습의 인식연결망 분석(ENA)", 교육정보미디어연구, 28(3), pp.843~872 (2022)
- Bannert, M., "Process mining techniques for analysing patterns and strategies in students’ self-regulated learning", Metacognition and Learning, 9, pp.161~185 (2014)
- Chen, B., "Two tales of time : Uncovering the significance of sequential patterns among contribution types in knowledge-building discourse", Interactive Learning Environments, 25(2), pp.162~175 (2017)
- Chen, Y., "Coding schemes as lenses on collaborative learning", Information and Learning Sciences, 121(1, pp.2) (2019), 1~18
- Chen, J., "A meta-analysis examining the moderating effects of educational level and subject area on CSCL effectiveness", Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 11(4), pp.409~427 (2019)
- Csanadi, A., "When coding-and-counting is not enough : Using epistemic network analysis(ENA)to analyze verbal data in CSCL research", International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 13, pp.419~438 (2018)
- Elmoazen, R., "A systematic literature review of empirical research on epistemic network analysis in education", IEEE Access, 10, pp.17330~17348 (2022)
- Engeström, Y., "The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences(Vol. 3)", pp.134~155 (2022), Cambridge University Press
- Hämäläinen, R., "Theoretical and pedagogical perspectives on orchestrating creativity and collaborative learning", Educational Research Review, 6(3), pp.169~184 (2011)
- Hmelo-Silver, C. E., "Handbook of educational psychology", pp.349~363 (2016), Routledge
- Jeong, H., "An overview of CSCL methodologies", Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS 2010), pp.921~928 (2010)
- Jeong, H., "Ten years of computer-supported collaborative learning : A meta-analysis of CSCL in STEM education during 2005–2014", Educational Research Review, 28, pp.100284~ (2019)
- Jeong, H., "An examination of CSCL methodological practices and the influence of theoretical frameworks 2005–2009", International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 9, pp.305~334 (2014)
- Lämsä, J., "What do we do when we analyse the temporal aspects of computer-supported collaborative learning? A systematic literature review", Educational Research Review, 33, pp.100387~ (2021)
- Lex, A., "UpSet : Visualization of intersecting sets", IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 20(12), pp.1983~1992 (2014)
- Liu, Z., "Students’ social-cognitive engagement in online discussions", Educational Technology & Society, 26(1), pp.1~15 (2023)
- Oshima, J., "International Handbook of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning(Vol. 19)", pp.569~584 (2021), Springer
- Page, M. J., "The PRISMA 2020 statement:An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews", bmj, 372 (2020)
- Rogoff, B., "Apprenticeship in thinking: Cognitive development in social context" (1990), Oxford University Press
- Roschelle, J., "Computer supported collaborative learning", pp.69~97 (1995), Springer
- Sawyer, R. K, "The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences(Vol. 3)", pp.1~24 (2022), Cambridge University Press
- Shaffer, D. W., "Epistemic network analysis : A prototype for 21st century assessment of learning", International Journal of Learning and Media, 1(2), pp.33~53 (2009)
- Shaffer, D. W., "A tutorial on epistemic network analysis : Analyzing the structure of connections in cognitive, social, and interaction data", Journal of Learning Analytics, 3(3), pp.9~45 (2016)
- Stahl, G., "The International Handbook of Collaborative Learning", pp.74~90 (2013), Routledge
- Stahl, G., "International handbook of computer-supported collaborative learning(Vol. 19)", pp.23~43 (2021), Springer
- Stahl, G., "Practice perspectives in CSCL", International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 4, pp.109~114 (2009)
- Stahl, G., "The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences(Vol. 3)", pp.406~427 (2022), Cambridge University Press
- Stahl, G., "Resources for connecting levels of learning", Proceedings of the 2013 CSCL Conference of the International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp.454~461 (2013)
- Tan, S. C., "A systematic review of artificial intelligence techniques for collaborative learning over the past two decades", Computers and Education : Artificial Intelligence, 3, pp.100097~ (2022)
- Wu, M., "Using an integrated probabilistic clustering approach to detect student engagement across asynchronous and synchronous online discussions", Journal of Computing in Higher Education, pp.1~28 (2024)
- Yu, Y., "Using learning analytics to enhance college students' shared epistemic agency in mobile instant messaging : A new way to support deep discussion", Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 40(3), pp.1166~1184 (2024)