골프선수들의 뉴로피드백 및 근력 복합트레이닝이 신경가소성 및 골프경기력에 미치는 영향
Effects of Neurofeedback and combined muscle training on the Neurotrophins and competition ability in golfers
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초록
이 연구는 대학골프 선수들의 근력과 뉴로피드백 복합 훈련이 신경영양인자와 골프경기력에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 남자 대학골프 선수 30명을 대상으로 하였으며, 근력훈련 집단, 근력 및 뉴로피드백 훈련 집단, 비교집단을 각 10명씩 구성하여, 12주간 집단특성에 따른 훈련을 실시하였다. 뉴로피드백 훈련은 주 2회 뇌 건강 연구소를 직접 방문하여 훈련 하였으며, 개인별 전문가의 인솔 아래 평가와 훈련을 실시하였다. 근력 및 유연성 훈련 후 core muscle training 6종목을 60분간 수행하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 골프 선수들의 훈련참여에 따른 신경영양인자의 변화는 근력 및 뉴로피드백 복합훈련 집단이 근력훈련과 비교집단에 비해 신경가소성 요인인 혈중 BDNF수준을 유의(p<.05)하게 증가시켰으나, 혈중 NGF는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 둘째, 골프선수들의 훈련참여에 따른 경기력 변화는 근력집단과 근력 및 뉴로피드백 복합 훈련 집단 모두에서 12주간 훈련 후 퍼팅수가 훈련 전에 비해 훈련 후 유의하게 감소하였으나, 집단 간 통계적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 페어웨이 안착수와 그린 적중 수, 퍼팅 수, 파 세이브 율은 훈련 전에 비해 훈련 후 긍정적인 변화는 있었으나 집단 간 상호작용 효과는 없었다. 한편 신경영양 인자인 혈중 BDNF 증가의 효과를 발견하였으며, 이에 따른 경기력의 전반적인 변화를 명확하게 확인하지 못하였으나, 골프선수들의 경기력 향상은 근력에 복합된 뉴로피드백 훈련에서 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 더욱이 이번 연구 결과를 보다 일반화시키기 위한 후속연구에서는 대상자들의 특성 중 경기력을 구분하고 성별 및 운동의 강도를 보다 객관화시켜 복합운동의 긍정적인 효과에 대한 규명이 필요하다고 생각된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate an effect of Neurofeedback combined training and muscular strength in collegiate golf athletes on Neurotrophins (BDNF and NGF) and golf performance capacity. Thirty collegiate golf athletes participated in this study and they were randomly divided by three groups; 1) strength training group (age; 21.80±.92 years, height; 174.12±8.52 cm, weight; 67.04±6.36 kg, BMI; 22.08±.56 kg/㎡, % fat; 16.06±4.30 %), 2) strength and Neurofeedback training group (age; 22.00±.67 years, height; 171.87 ± 5.28 cm, weight; 65.52 ± 3.71 kg, BMI; 22.23 ± 1.78 kg/㎡, % fat; 18.53 ± 4.20 %), and 3) control group (age; 21.90±.88 years, height; 174.97 ± 4.71 cm, weight; 66.45 ± 4.71 kg, BMI; 21.72 ± 1.53 kg/㎡, % fat; 16.62 ± 3.87 %). All participants were assigned to train during 12 weeks. Neurofeedback training group visited Brain health institute 2 times per week and they were received Neurofeedback training by Neurofeedback training specialists. One hour strength training was conducted by warm-up, flexibility training, and 6 types of core muscle training 3 times per week. Results of this study are as follows. First, BDNF level of Neurofeedback group was higher statistic significantly increased than muscle and control group(p<.05), but NGF was not significantly changed. Second, performance(putting) was decreased on all groups as 12 weeks training, there was not difference among groups. but control group was increased on post training. There were some averagely change on fairway, green, putting and par save rate, but not interaction effect among groups. Twelve-week strength and Neurofeedback combined training for collegiate golf athletes increased blood BDNF. Based upon factor analysis, there was an association of blood BDNF and numbers of golf stroke followed by training and this implies that there was a positive Neurofeedback combined training effect on golf performance capacity. It would be needed that further studies may consider positive Neurofeedback training effects by specifically dividing athletic performance capacity, gender, and intensity of exercise.
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