동사의 다의성과 구문 의미망 기술에 대하여: 러시아어 동사 ДАТЬ의 이중타동구문을 예로
Polysemy of Verbs and Construction Network: A Case Study of the Ditransitive Construction with the Russian Verb ДАТЬ
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초록
본 논문에서는 틀의미론과 구문문법의 관점에 따라 어휘의미론의 중심 주제인 다의성에 관해 러시아어 동사 дать ‘주다’를 예로 이중타동구문의 구문 기술을 제안하고 있다. 동사 дать의 전형적인의미는 ‘행위자가 손으로 피의체를 수용자에게 전달하는 것’으로 이중타동구문 구조로 나타난다. 논문에서는 дать 구문의 전형적인 의미가 개념적 은유⋅환유 등의 인지적 기제를 통해 추상적 의미로확장돼 사용되며, 이에 따라 다양한 구문 변화가 나타난다는 것을 코퍼스 용례 분석을 통해 고찰한다. 결과적으로 동사 дать의 다의성은 전형적 의미의 원형적 구문을 중심으로 확장된 추상적 의미, 전이된 의미 등이 구문 상속을 통해 연결된 데 따른 것으로, 방사상의 구문 의미망으로 정의될 수있다.
Abstract
This paper investigates the phenomenon of polysemy in verbs and construction networks through a case study of the ditransitive construction with the Russian verb ДАТЬ (give). The study is conducted within the framework of Frame Semantics and Construction Grammar. In its typical usage, the verb ДАТЬ denotes an action where a person (Agent) transfers control over an object (Patient) to another person (Recipient) using their hands. This conventional meaning extends metaphorically to various constructions, facilitated by cognitive mechanisms such as conceptual metaphor and metonymy. Through a corpus-based analysis, the paper argues that the polysemy of the verb originates from the process of meaning extension in everyday language usage. Consequently, this semantic evolution brings about changes in argument structure, and these changes are linked through construction inheritance from typical to extended usage scenarios. The exploration sheds light on the interconnectedness between different patterns of usage, ranging from conventional to transferred senses.
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