신흥무대의 중견국 보건외교: 브라질, 스웨덴, 스위스 사례와 한국
Middle Powers’ Health Diplomacy in the Emerging Stage: Brazil, Sweden, Switzerland, and Korea
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초록
보건외교는 국가 및 비국가 행위자를 포함하는 다양한 행위자들 사이의 네트워크 속에서 잠재적 적대세력과 동맹세력의 구분 없이 공동체의 안전과 질서 유지, 그리고 인류 모두의 건강을 추구한다는 점에서 강대국 중심의 전통외교의 틀을 초월한다. 신흥무대로서의 보건외교에서 중견국은 중개, 연대, 규범 등 네트워크 외교전략의 다양한 접근법을 복합적으로 구사하는 ‘영리한’ 외교전략을 구사함으로써 국제적 위상을 높이고 리더십을 구축하며 새로운 국익 창출의 기회를 얻을 수 있다. 보건개발협력 분야에서 브라질, 스웨덴, 스위스의 보건외교전략은 대표적인 성공 사례들이다. 한국은 보건안보 분야에서 비교적 높은 수준의 외교적 역량을 보여주었으나, 보건개발협력 분야에서는 개선할 점이 많다.
Abstract
Health diplomacy transcends the framework of traditional major-power diplomacy in that it pursues the health and safety of the community without distinction between potential adversaries and allies. In health diplomacy as an emerging stage, middle-power countries can raise their international status and gain opportunities to create new national interests by using a smart diplomacy that combines various approaches including brokerage diplomacy, coalition building, and norm diffusion. Health diplomacy strategies of Brazil, Sweden, and Switzerland are some of the most notable cases in the field of health development cooperation. Korea has a relatively high level of diplomatic capability in the field of health security, but requires many improvements in the field of health development cooperation.
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