미중 갈등은 아세안 중심성(ASEAN Centrality)을 약화시키는가?: 아세안 중심성 개념에 대한 비판적 고찰을 중심으로
Will the U.S.-China Strategic Competition Weaken ASEAN Centrality?: Revisiting the Concept of ASEAN Centrality
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이 논문은 아세안 중심성에 대한 새로운 이해를 바탕으로 인도-태평양 질서의 등장 이후 아세안 중심성(ASEAN Centrality)의 변화를 이해해보는 목적을 가지고 있다. 이 논문은 아세안 중심성을 미국과 지역 국가들의 선택의 결과로 이해해야 하며 아세안 중심성의 위기 역시도 이들 국가의 변화된 선택에 기인한다고 주장한다. 미국의 인도-태평양 전략 등장 즈음에도 아세안의 지역협력을 주도하는 역할은 존재하지 않았고 아세안 중심성은 지역협력의 개최자(convener), 협력 촉진자의 역할, 네트워크에서의 중심적 위치 이상이 아니었다. 인도-태평양 질서는 이러한 차원의 아세안 중심성에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않고 있다. 미국의 인도-태평양 전략 등장으로 인한 아세안 중심성의 위기의 핵심은 미국 주도로 만들어진 이슈 중심의 다양한 소다자협력체의 등장이다. 이러한 미국과 우방국의 선택의 결과로 등장한 대안적 지역협력 메커니즘은 아세안 중심의 기존 협력 메커니즘의 중요성을 크게 약화시킬 것이다. 아세안이 할 수 있는 대응은 새로 등장한 이슈 중심의 소다자협력에 아세안 중심 협력 메커니즘들이 어떠한 방식으로든 연계를 가짐으로서 지역협력에서 실질적 역할을 수행할 수 있는 방법을 모색하는 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the emergence of the Indo-Pacific order on ASEAN Centrality. This paper argues that ASEAN centrality should be understood as a result of the choices made by the United States and regional countries, and that the crisis of ASEAN centrality is also due to the changed choices of these countries. Although the emergence of the United States' Indo-Pacific strategy had an impact on ASEAN's centrality, the new regional order did not fundamentally change ASEAN's material capabilities, existing role as a convener or cooperation facilitator, or its central position in the network. The crisis of ASEAN centrality created by the new Indo-Pacific order stems from the emergence of various issue-oriented minilateral cooperation through the leadership of the United States. The emergence of this alternative regional cooperation mechanism will greatly weaken the importance of the ASEAN-centered existing cooperation mechanism and result-oriented cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region will be achieved through the US-led minilateral cooperations. In order to reclaim its relevance in regional cooperation ASEAN needs to find a way to play a practical role in regional cooperation by linking ASEAN-centered cooperation mechanisms in some way to the newly emerging issue-oriented minilateral cooperation.
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